Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions among dental patients with mixed habits in Salem district - A study

Abstract

Background:The practice of betel nut chewing with or without tobacco is still practiced in south india, salem inspite of its harmful effects.Methodology:200 Patients visiting the outpatient department, Oral medicine and radiology from Aug 2015 to Aug 2016.Result and Conclusion:In our study, 3 women were exclusively churut smokers. Thirty-eight percent of the dental patients were beedi smoker, 32% were tobacco chewers, 12% were both betel nut and tobacco chewers, 8% were exclusively betel nut chewers, 1% of the dental population were exclusively churut smokers. Mean age group of the study population is 50.2 (14.4). There are 28 females and 172 males in the study group. Chi-square test revealed a statistically significant difference (P = 0.001) between males and females based on soft-tissue findings and no statistically significant difference (P = 0.572) between males and females based on distribution of hard-tissue findings.

Oral Submucous Fibrosis;

“…Majority of patients treated with OSF belonged to group IV-A, which is in sharp contrast to other studies that have reported majority of patients that belonged to Group III-A. [13][14][15] This highlights the increased importance for increased awareness and early referral.…”

“…Cancer of mouth and throat is the second most common cancer in children and adults of Pakistan as per reports from tertiary care hospitals in Pakistan as there is no official oral cancer registry in Pakistan. 15,26 OSF is a significant health concern particularly in men and women belonging to low socio-economic status and should be regarded as a major public health issue. 6 It is a chronic, progressive disease resulting in loss of fibro elasticity and hardening of the oral mucosa and restriction in opening of the mouth with a significant cancerous potential.…”

“…11,12 OSF is considered a public health issue in Pakistan as oral cancer is one of the most common malignancies in Pakistan with malignant transformation rate of OSF being 7.6% over a median observation rate of 10 years in Indian, Chinese and Malaysian studies. 8,[13][14][15][16] In Pakistan there is a federal as well as provincial ban on the sale, purchase, distribution and use of Pan masala and Gutkha at all public and private institutions and public places. Recently the prices of betel nut have quadrupled as a consequence of global taxation rise on unhealthy food to discourage their use, but the current Government has not subsidized healthy food items and even life-threatening medicines.…”

Patterns of Tobacco Use and its Relation to Oral Precancers and Cancers among Individuals Visiting a Tertiary Hospital in South India

“…Cigarettes were the most popular among smokers (52%), whereas gutkha was the preferred smokeless tobacco product (26.3%). 16 Mehrotra et al and Karthik and Mohan have found betel quid chewing to be more popular among females 13,17 followed by reverse smoking. 18 Our study showed similar results vis-a-vis betel quid chewing, but we did not find any subjects with a reverse smoking habit.…”

Evaluation of Nicotine Dependence among Smokers in Salem District Using Modified Fagerstrom Questionnaire (m-FTQ)

“…11 Beedi is the most common form of smoking tobacco used among South Asian population among Salem district. 12 Grady et al stated that nicotine in tobacco smoke when inhaled stimulates the nicotinic anticholinergic receptors causing dopamine release from the corpus striatum, pre-frontal cortex, nucleus accumbens regions producing a euphoric effect, thereby causing an addiction. 13 Benowitz et al stated that nicotine activates the alpha 4 beta 2 receptors in the ventral tegmental area causing dopamine release in the shell of nucleus accumbens.…”