Prevalence of osteoporosis in apparently healthy adults above 40 years of age in Pune City, India

Abstract

Purpose:The aim of study was to assess the prevalence of osteoporosis and changes in bone mass with increasing age and compare bone health status of apparently healthy men, premenopausal and postmenopausal women.Methods:Data were collected on anthropometric and sociodemographic factors in 421 apparently healthy Indian adults (women = 228), 40–75 years of age, in a cross-sectional study in Pune city, India. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at two sites-lumbar spine (LS) and left femur. Individuals were classified as having osteoporosis or osteopenia based on the World Health Organization criteria of T-scores.Results:Mean age of study population was 53.3 ± 8.4 years. Of the total women, 44.3% were postmenopausal with 49.2 ± 3.5 years as mean age at menopause. Postmenopausal women showed a rapid decline in BMD with age till 50 years while men showed a gradual decline. Premenopausal women showed no significant decline in BMD with age (P > 0.1). Significantly lower T-scores were observed at LS in men compared to premenopausal (P < 0.05). At left femur, T-scores were lower in men compared to premenopausal women (P < 0.05) but not postmenopausal women (P > 0.1). The prevalence of osteoporosis in men at LS was lower than postmenopausal women but higher than premenopausal women.Conclusion:In Indian men, a low T-score compared to women indicates higher susceptibility to osteoporosis. In women, menopause causes a rapid decline in BMD. Therefore, both Indian men and postmenopausal women require adequate measures to prevent osteoporosis during later years in life.

Relationship between Body Mass Index and T-Scores of Bone Mineral Density in the Hip and Spine Regions among Older Adults with Diabetes: A Retrospective Review

“…We noticed that the means of BMD T -scores in the regions of interest in our study were worse than those in previous studies [46–48], probably because all our subjects are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, and DM, as demonstrated in previous studies, is a contributing factor to such difference because of its effect at the cellular level. Prolonged hyperglycemia is found to affect both the function and quantity of osteoblasts by disrupting the response to vitamin D and stimulating glycation of multiple proteins.…”

Prevalence of Osteoporosis among Adults in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

“…In men, a small longitudinal bone loss is observed throughout life, whereas in women there is an additional bone loss in association with estrogen insufficiency during peri-menopausal and post-menopausal period. 13 A study carried out by Hernlund E, et al found out 21% of females and 6% of males residing in Sweden to be osteoporotic. This study showed 3-4 times more osteoporosis in the female population than in the male.…”

Osteoporosis knowledge and beliefs among postmenopausal women: A cross-sectional study from a teaching hospital in southern India

“…Osteoporosis causes the bones to be fragile and increases susceptibility to fracture even with trivial trauma. [1] After attainment of menopause in women, the process of osteoporosis is accelerated by estrogen deficiency. Estrogen helps in maintaining a positive calcium balance and in osteogenesis.…”