Prevalence of periodontal recession in dental students at the Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil. A cross-sectional research study

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Periodontal recessions are characterized by the migration of the gingival margin to a more apical position concerning the cementoenamel junction. The prevalence of this mucogingival condition varies according to the study and the population evaluated, but a high prevalence is reported in individuals with excellent oral hygiene. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the extent and severity of periodontal recession and its prevalence on students at a dental school (UFMG). Moreover, to identify associated factors and the presence of dentin hypersensitive and aesthetic complains. METHODS: An evaluation was carried out on a convenience sampling of 67 students, mostly female, with a mean age of 23.7 (SD = 1.93). Periodontal recessions were measured considering the buccal and lingual/palatal surfaces of all teeth present. Different clinical parameters of individuals and associated factors were evaluated. For data analysis, absolute distributions and percentages were obtained, and the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis association tests were used. RESULTS: The prevalence of periodontal recession was 91% in the studied population, and the most affected group of teeth were the canines. A total of 3,752 surfaces were evaluated, and the presence of recession was observed in 274 (7.30%). None of the parameters evaluated showed a statistically significant association (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: This study concluded that the prevalence of periodontal recession was high, and the evident frequency of recessions in young patients reinforces the need for early diagnosis, not only to improve treatment techniques, but also for prevention, by means of the association with the related etiological factors.