Prevalence of post-concussion syndrome and associated factors among patients with traumatic brain injury at Debre Tabor Comprehensive Hospital, North Central Ethiopia

Abstract

IntroductionThe occurrence of three or more of the following signs and symptoms, such as headache, dizziness, exhaustion, irritability, sleeplessness, difficulties in concentrating, or memory problems, following a head injury is referred to as post-concussion syndrome (PCS). Even though post-concussion syndrome has not been studied in Ethiopia, the productive age group is frequently affected by health issues related to head trauma, which either directly or indirectly affect the growth of the nation.ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence and associated factors of post-concussion syndrome among patients with traumatic brain injury at Debre Tabor Comprehensive Hospital, Debre Tabor, North Central Ethiopia.MethodsA successive sampling technique was used to conduct a hospital-based cross-sectional study on 405 traumatic brain injury patients at Debre Tabor Comprehensive Hospital from January 1, 2022, to May 30, 2022. SPSS version 25 was used to analyze the data. The factors connected to post-concussion syndrome were found using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis. Statistical significance was determined by a P-value of ≤ 0.05.ResultsDuring the data collection period, 405 cases in total were interviewed, with a 98% response rate. More than half (60.7%) of patients were married, with the majority of patients (39.8%) falling between the ages of 18 and 29. At least three post-concussion syndrome symptoms were present in 42.8% of subjects. A history of comorbidities, GCS levels of 8 or below, 9 to 12 at the time of presentation, brain neuroimaging findings, and having fair or poor social support were found to be substantially linked with PCS in multivariate logistic regression.ConclusionAbout 41.5% of study participants had at least three symptoms of PCS. The Glasgow coma scale level at the time of presentation, the reason for the injury, social support, and the site of the injury were all significantly associated with the occurrence of PCS.

A post-traumatic stress disorder among internally displaced people in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

“…In contrast to this, a study report in Jos, Nigeria (18), shows an association between PTSD and male gender. Regarding the mental health status of the study respondents, depression (11)(12)(13)17), and anxiety (16,17) were reported in the different studies to have a positive association with PTSD among internally displaced people. In other ways, single marital status (18)(19)(20) and a low level of educational status (7,18,19) contributed to PTSD compared to their counterparts.…”

“…Moreover, age between 18 and 27 years ( 18), age at first displacement between 19 and 35 years (14), presence of somatic symptoms (17), poor social functioning (16), and being a merchant (13), were also shown to have a statistically significant association with PTSD in IDPs in sub-Saharan Africa.…”

Community resilience among Ukrainian refugees: what is the role of the host community in recovery from forced migration?

“…These experiences are associated with psychological distress and an increased risk of psychiatric disorders; women are also more likely to develop internalizing symptoms (7). In addition, these people are at high risk of developing anxiety and depressive disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and suicidal ideation/behavior (8)(9)(10)(11). To reduce the risk of psychopathology and mental suffering and to improve recovery it is therefore necessary to promote different protective factors, not only at the individual level, but also at the community level (12,13).…”