Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder among the inpatients in a tertiary clinic and relationship with suicidal attempts

Undetected post-traumatic stress disorder in secondary-care mental health services: systematic review

“…Of these, 15 were based in the USA, [7][8][9][10][11][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] 3 in each of Australia, [27][28][29] the UK 6,30,31 and the Netherlands, 32-34 2 in Germany, 12,35 and 1 each in South Africa, 36 Spain 37 and Turkey. 38 Three studies were in military veteran populations 7,17,18 and 26 were in non-veterans, 1 within an incarcerated population. 23 Most studies (n = 16) included individuals with a variety of mental health disorders, whereas the rest ascertained individuals with specific disorders (six with substance use disorders, 7,17,22,30,31,33 four with psychotic disorders, 6,18,32,34 two with mood or anxiety disorders 28,36 and one with eating disorders 35 ).…”

“…The PCL, as used by some studies in this review, had a PPV of 0.8 (cut-off score 50) in a sample where 45% of participants had PTSD 39 and a PPV of 0.7 in another study with a PTSD prevalence of 39%. 43 Similarly the PPV for the TSQ (6+ items cut-off) was 0.86 in a study with a PTSD prevalence of 34%, 40 for the SRIP (cut-off 52) Craine (1988) 20 Davidson & Smith (1990) 11 Cascardi et al (1996) 19 Dansky et al (1987) 22 Mueser et al (1988) 8 Switzer et al (1999) 24 Komiti et al (2001) 28 Brady (2003) 10 Howgego et al (2005) 27 Kilcommons & Morrison (2005) 6 Reynolds et al (2005) 30 Schwartz et al (2005) 24 Tagay et al (2005) 12 Cusack et al (2006) 21 Kimerling et al (2006) 7 McFarlane et al (2006) 29 Calhoun et al (2007) 18 Villano et al (2007) 26 van Zyl et al (2008) 36 Lommen & Restifo et al (2009) 34 Tagay et al (2010) 35 Reynolds et al (2011) 30 Alvarez et al (2012) 37 Bonn-Miller et al (2012) 17 Gielen et al (2012) 33 Kavakci et al (2013) 38 Wang & Vivek (2013) 9 de Bont et al (2015) 32 Gosein et al (2016) 23 was 0.71 with a PTSD prevalence of 47%, 44 and for the PSS-SR was 0.64 with a PTSD prevalence of 43%. 45 The true proportion of PTSD in these samples if screened with a gold-standard assessment might therefore be slightly lower than that estimated in these studies, although it is unlikely to be substantially lower.…”

“…The third, and final, assumption is that the studies are not biased in a way that leads to substantial overestimates of undetected PTSD. We assessed the quality of these studies, focusing particularly on the 20 Davidson & Smith (1990) 11 Cascardi et al (1996) 19 Switzer et al (1999) 24 Komiti et al (2001) 28 Brady (2003) 10 Howgego et al (2005) 27 Schwartz et al (2005) 24 Tagay et al (2005) 12 Cusack et al (2006) 21 McFarlane et al (2006) 29 Villano et al (2007) 26 van Zyl et al (2008) 36 Kavakci et al (2013) 38 Wang & Vivek (2013) 9 Gosein et al (2016) 23 Subtotal I 2 = 94.44%, P< 0.01…”

Life Stressors and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in a Seriously Mentally Ill Jail Population,

“…Current PTSD was identified by structured diagnostic interview in 46.2% of the sample. This was much higher than the 2.1% identified via clinical assessment and higher than the rates identified in nonincarcerated, hospitalized populations . The implications of this may be quite significant as many patients with PTSD are not being identified and treated.…”

“… found that 61% of male and female psychiatric inpatients in a public teaching hospital in Australia reported at least one lifetime traumatic event and 28% met criteria for a lifetime diagnosis of PTSD (DSM‐III‐R criteria) based on a structured diagnostic interview. A Turkish study found that 30% of a sample of male and female psychiatric inpatients at a university hospital had current PTSD (DSM‐IV criteria) based on self‐report using the Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale . However, only 0.017% of the same sample had actually been diagnosed with PTSD by the clinical team during their hospitalization.…”