Prevalence of potential toxigenic &lt;i&gt;Aspergillus&lt;/i&gt; species isolated from poultry feeds in Sokoto metropolis

Aliyu, RM; M, Abubakar; Yakubu, Yusuf; Kasarawa, AB; Lawal, N.; Bello, MB; Fardami, AY

doi:10.4314/sokjvs.v14i1.7

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Farmers go into self-feed formulation and milling as a means of cutting down the cost of their production for maximum profit. Hence, such farmers may buy feed ingredients with high moisture content during harvest season at low cost for storage with concomitant buildup of fungal organisms on the ingredients before their eventual use in feed making (Aliyu et al, 2016). The occurrence of aspergillosis as seen in this report showed seasonal variation as reported by other workers (Arṅe et al, 2011;Musa et al, 2014;Girma et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Clinicopathological features and management of aspergillosis in some poultry farms in Jos metropolis, Nigeria

Ameji¹,

Oladele²,

Bamaiyi³

et al. 2021

Sokoto J. Vet. Sc.

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Aspergillosis is important in poultry production and human health but difficulty in its ante mortem diagnosis in addition to the unsuccessful outcome of most management options has made the disease a lingering nightmare to farmers. This study presents the clinicopathological features and management of aspergillosis in some poultry farms in Jos metropolis, Nigeria. Thirteen cases of aspergillosis from 12 poultry farms were confirmed and managed from April, 2019 to March, 2020 with 7.6% cases in a mixed turkey-broiler farm, 15.4% in broilers and 76.9% in layers. The ages affected ranged from 3 weeks to 21 weeks with 69.2% cases in pullet grower birds of 10 – 21 weeks compared to young chicks, 3 – 9 weeks with 30.8%. The rainy season accounted for 61.8% cases while mortality ranged from 1.0% to 17.4%. The clinical features were consistent and included dyspnoea; inappetence; retarded growth and mortality. While necropsy showed consolidated lungs with caseous nodules; liver with raised grayish or yellowish irregular nodules; peritonitis with the peritoneum and air sacs laced with caseous nodules; diphtheritic membrane and caseous nodules on intestinal mucosa; haemorrhagic bursitis with granulomata; caseous nodules on osseous tissues as well as nodules on the skin and skeletal muscles. Confirmatory diagnoses of aspergillosis were made by culturing nodules on Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar. Antifungal susceptibility testing showed CuSO4 to be more susceptible which was used at the dosage of 3g/10L of drinking water for at least 7 days in all the cases. Concurrent bacterial infections were seen in some of the cases and were treated concurrently with antibiotics based on susceptibility testing while farmers using moldy feeds were asked to withdraw such feeds. Conclusively, aspergillosis is prevalent in Jos metropolis with severe impact on production and may be a silent killer disease in poultry due to constraints in diagnosis and its management. Keywords: Aspergillosis, clinicopathological features, Jos, management, Nigeria, poultry

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Clinicopathological features and management of aspergillosis in some poultry farms in Jos metropolis, Nigeria

Ameji¹,

Oladele²,

Bamaiyi³

et al. 2021

Sokoto J. Vet. Sc.

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“…In addition, Walker & White (2017) noticed that environmental and nutritional conditions play a role in reproduce of fungi asexually. The current study was in line with Aliyu et al (2016), who found that the most prevalent Aspergillus species in poultry feeds were A. fumigatus (58.8%) followed by A. flavus (41.2%). Oppositely, farmworkers are at great risk of contracting respiratory infection as they are exposed to dust loaded with spores of Aspergillus spp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Developing a control strategy of the toxigenic mycoflora of poultry feeds needs regular monitoring and surveillance of the existence of fungal pathogens in their environment (Saleemi et al, 2010;Aliyu et al, 2016). Susceptibility testing of fungal pathogens to antifungal agents should be periodically evaluated to avoid the problem of antifungal resistance patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As well, swabs were collected on a sterile screw-capped tube containing 9 mL Sabouraud dextrose broth, then labeled and sent to the laboratory in an icebox. All samples were examined directly within 24 h after sampling to investigate the presence of fungal species as a method described by Barnett & Hunter (1998); Aliyu et al (2016).…”

Section: Samples Collection and Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental Monitoring of Zoonotic Fungal Infection in Broiler Chickens: Novel Approach to Control using Nano-fungicide Composite

Mohammed

Abdel-Latef

2021

Trop. Anim. Sci. J.

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Control of fungal infections has not taken much attention compared to bacterial and viral pathogens inflicting significant economic losses to the poultry sectors as well as direct harms to human health due to their zoonotic implication. This study aimed to investigate the existence of fungal pathogens in broiler chicks dropping and their environment. As well, evaluate the efficiency of Terminator disinfectant (coco-benzyl-dimethyl ammonium chlorides and glutaraldehyde), nano copper oxide (CuO NPs), and Terminator/ nano copper oxide (Terminator/CuO NPs) on the fungal growth inhibition to control resistant fungus to antifungal agents. All samples (n= 320) were collected from chicks dropping, their environment (air, water, feeds, litter, drinkers, and feeders) as well, the attendant's hand swabs for isolation and identification of fungal pathogens. The susceptibility pattern of 65 strains of fungal isolates to antifungal agents, terminator disinfectant, and nanofungicide composites was determined by the disc diffusion assay and broth micro-dilution method. All isolates were highly resistant to voriconazole antifungal drugs, whilst Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) was resistant (100%) to fluconazole. Furthermore, the sensitivity of Aspergillus terreus (A. terreus) and Penicillium corylophilum (P. corylophilum) was 0.0% to fluconazole, and amphotericin-B. Whilst the antifungal activity of Terminator/CuO NPs against fungal pathogens proved its lethal effect (100%) against all fungal isolates at 0.5 mg/mL compared to the efficiency of both Terminator at 1:50 and CuO NPs at 2.0 mg/mL was not exceeded 84.6% and 76.9%, respectively against all fungal strains. In conclusion, nano-fungicide is a promising product for the prevention of fungal pathogens in broiler chickens and their environment. The control of zoonotic resistant fungus using novel nano-fungicide composite (Terminator/CuO NPs) at 0.5 mg/mL concentration was efficiently achieved compared to nano copper oxide at 2.0 mg/mL.

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“…Thus mycotoxins can easily enter food chain via meat and meat products produced of animals fed with mycotoxin contaminated feed. Primarily the cereals contamination may appear in the field, where fungal spores are spread by the wind, rain, mechanical injuries or insects to the crops (Aliyu et al, 2016). The infection process can be further continued during the grain storage, due to the effect of abiotic and biotic factors (Krnjaja et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobiota and aflatoxin B1 in poultry feeds

Krnjaja

Petrović²,

Stankоvić

et al. 2019

BIOTEC ANIM HUSB

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In this study, a total of 30 poultry (chicken and laying hens) feed samples collected from different poultry farms in Serbia in 2016 were tested for fungal and aflatoxin contamination. Using the plate count and standard mycological methods, total fungal counts and potentially toxigenic fungal genera were determined. Natural occurrence of aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1) was detected by ELISA (enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay) method. The total fungal count was in the range from 1 x 10 2 (2 log CFU g-1) to 1.83 x 10 5 CFU g-1 (5.26 log CFU g-1). The majority of the chicken feeds (78.57%) had the total fungal count in the ranged from 1 x 10 2 to 4.8 x 10 4 CFU g-1 , whereas in 68.75% of the laying hens feeds it was ranged from 5.3 x 10 4 to 1.83 x 10 5 CFU g-1. In 21.43% of the chicken feeds fungal contamination reached the level above the regulation limits. Three potentially toxigenic fungal genera, Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium, have been identified. In the tested poultry feed samples, more samples contaminated with Aspergillus were determined compared to samples contaminated by Fusarium and Penicillium species. The AFB 1 was detected in concentrations from 1.34 to 18.29 g kg-1 , with an average of 4.47 and 4.56 g kg-1 in the chicken and laying hens feed samples, respectively. In 14.29% of the chicken feeds, the level of AFB 1 was above the regulation limits. The obtained results confirmed the importance of continuous mycological and mycotoxicological control of poultry feed, as well as need to improve risk assessments of such contaminants along the food chain.

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Prevalence of potential toxigenic <i>Aspergillus</i> species isolated from poultry feeds in Sokoto metropolis

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Clinicopathological features and management of aspergillosis in some poultry farms in Jos metropolis, Nigeria

Clinicopathological features and management of aspergillosis in some poultry farms in Jos metropolis, Nigeria

Environmental Monitoring of Zoonotic Fungal Infection in Broiler Chickens: Novel Approach to Control using Nano-fungicide Composite

Mycobiota and aflatoxin B1 in poultry feeds

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