Prevalence of Pseudorabies (Aujeszky's Disease) Virus Antibodies in Feral Swine in Florida

Leek, M. L. van der; Becker, H.; Pirtle, E. C.; Humphrey, Pamela P.; Adams, Caroline; All, Benjamin P.; Erickson, G. A.; Belden, Robert C.; Frankenberger, W. B.; Gibbs, E. P. J.

doi:10.7589/0090-3558-29.3.403

Cited by 46 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…Serologic results from the testing of samples collected from hunter-killed wild boar may be influenced by reduced serum quality due to hemolysis and dilution as described by Mü ller et al (1998) and Van der Leek et al (1993). The high prevalence of antibodies to ADV detected in adult animals in this study and the detection of seropositive wild boars throughout their distribution in Slovenia suggest that such potential problems, especially related to sensitivity, are minimal.…”

mentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Antibodies to ADV and the isolation of this virus have been reported from wild boar in Europe (Cromwijk, 1995;Capua et al, 1997;Albina et al, 2000;Vicente et al, 2002;Zupancic et al, 2002;Lutz et al, 2003), North America (Nettles and Erickson, 1984;Pirtle et al, 1989;Van der Leek et al, 1993;Gresham et al, 2002;Corn et al, 2004), and North Africa (Jridi et al, 1996). This is the first report of antibodies to ADV in wild boar from Slovenia.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Infections in domestic swine can result in fatal encephalitis in newborn pigs, mild or subclinical infections in older animals (Tozzini et al, 1982;Romero et al, 2001), and abortion in pregnant sows (Baskerville, 1981); survivors are latently infected. Feral swine are a recognized reservoir of ADV (Kirkpatrick et al, 1980;Nettles and Erickson, 1984;Van der Leek et al, 1993;Capua et al, 1997;Lipowski, 2003) and thus represent a possible source for infection of domestic swine (Corn et al, 1986;Pirtle et al, 1989;Corn et al, 2004). The importance of this reservoir will increased with the successful eradication of ADV from domestic swine.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Presence of Antibodies Against Aujeszky's Disease Virus in Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) in Slovenia

Vengušt

Valenčak

Bidovec

2005

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Serum samples from 427 hunterkilled wild boar (Sus scrofa) from Slovenia were tested for antibodies to Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV). Samples were collected throughout Slovenia and corresponded to 6.2% of the total harvest. Antibodies against ADV were detected in 111 sera (26%) using a commercial enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Antibody prevalence increased significantly with age. This report describes the first evidence of ADV infection in wild boar populations in Slovenia.

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confidence: 72%

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confidence: 98%

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confidence: 99%

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Presence of Antibodies Against Aujeszky's Disease Virus in Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) in Slovenia

Vengušt

Valenčak

Bidovec

2005

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…Free-living feral swine are known to exist in at least 32 states of the US and have been shown to be infected with PRV (Nettles and Erikson, 1984;Van Der Leek et al, 1993). Their continuous migration and range expansion across the central US (Gipson et al, 1998) pose a serious threat to completion of the National Pseudorabies Eradication Program from the national domestic swine herd.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Sites of Virus Latency Associated With Indigenous Pseudorabies Viruses in Feral Swine

Romero

Meade

Homer

et al. 2003

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Free-ranging feral swine (Sus scrofa) are known to be present in at least 32 states of the USA and are continuously expanding their range. Infection with pseudorabies virus (PRV) occurs in feral swine and the primary route of transmission in free-living conditions seems to be venereal. Between 1995 and 1999, naturally infected feral swine and experimentally infected hybrid progeny of feral and domestic swine, were kept in isolation and evaluated for occurrence of latent PRV indigenous to feral swine in sacral and trigeminal ganglia and tonsil. Sacral ganglia were shown, by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the thymidine kinase (TK) gene of PRV, to be the most frequent sites of latency of PRV. Nine (56%) of 16 sacral ganglia, seven (44%) of 16 trigeminal ganglia, and five (39%) of 13 tonsils from naturally infected feral swine were positive for PCR amplification of TK sequences of PRV. These tissues were negative for PRV when viral isolation was attempted in Vero cells. DNA sequencing of cloned TK fragments from the sacral ganglia of two feral swine, showed only one nucleotide difference between the two fragments and extensive sequence homology to fragment sequences from various domestic swine PRV strains from China, Northern Ireland, and the USA. The hybrid feral domestic swine, experimentally inoculated with an indigenous feral swine PRV isolate by either the genital or respiratory route, acquired the infection but showed no clinical signs of pseudorabies. Virus inoculated into either the genital or respiratory tract could, at times, be isolated from both these sites. The most common latency sites were the sacral ganglia, regardless of the route and dose of infection in these experimentally infected hybrids. Nine of 10 sacral ganglia, six of 10 trigeminal ganglia, and three of 10 tonsils were positive for PCR amplification of TK sequences. No virus was isolated from these tissues in Vero cells. The demonstration of the sacral ganglia as the most common sites of latency of pseudorabies viruses indigenous to feral swine, supports the hypothesis that these viruses are primarily transmitted venereally, and not by the respiratory route as is common in domestic swine, in which the trigeminal ganglia are the predominant sites of virus latency.

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“…ADV infection has been reported in wild boar populations in the USA and Europe (2,16,17,24). Transmission of ADV originating from wild boars can occur by several mechanisms, e.g.…”

Section: Compulsory Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aujeszky's disease virus eradication campaign successfully heading for last stage in the Netherlands

Elbers

Braamskamp

Dekkers

et al. 2000

Veterinary Quarterly

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SUMMARYThe Aujeszky's disease virus (ADV) eradication campaign in the Netherlands is based on compulsory vaccination and certification of ADV-free herds and consists of three stages: reduction of transmission of ADV, tracing and elimination of remaining sources of ADV, and, in the last stage prohibition of vaccination. This paper summarizes the progress made in the first two stages of the eradication.Between 1994-1999, ADV seroprevalence decreased sharply in all four regions in the Netherlands, both in the sow and the finishing pig population. In the sow population, the mean ADV prevalence in the northern, eastern and western regions decreased to less than 0.5% in the first quarter of 1998, and to approximately 1% in the southern region. For the finishing pig population, the mean ADV prevalence decreased to less than 0.6% in all fourregions in the first quarter of 1998. The proportion of sow herds that were certified ADV-free increased steadily from approximately 40% in the last quarter of 1996 to 96% in the first quarter of 1999. The proportion of finishing pig herds that were certified ADV-free showed the same spectacular increase as in the sow population: from approximately 14% in the last quarter of 1996 to 90% in the first quarter of 1999. It is anticipated that the last stage of the ADV eradication campaign, stopping vaccination, will be achieved very soon.Monitoring wild boars for ADV between 1994 and 1999 indicated that ADV is uncommon within the wild boar population. Therefore, it seems that ADV infection in the wild boar population is not an important reservoir in the Netherlands.

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Prevalence of Pseudorabies (Aujeszky's Disease) Virus Antibodies in Feral Swine in Florida

Cited by 46 publications

References 9 publications

Presence of Antibodies Against Aujeszky's Disease Virus in Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) in Slovenia

Presence of Antibodies Against Aujeszky's Disease Virus in Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) in Slovenia

Potential Sites of Virus Latency Associated With Indigenous Pseudorabies Viruses in Feral Swine

Aujeszky's disease virus eradication campaign successfully heading for last stage in the Netherlands

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