Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders among Children and Adolescents in Northeast China

Yang, Xiaoli; Jiang, Chao; Pan, Wen; Xu, Wei; Fang, Liang; Li, Ning; Mu, Huijuan; Na, Jun; Liu, Ming; An, Xiuli; Chuanyou, Yu; Zenguo, Fu; Li, Lili; Yu, Lei; Lijuan, Tong; Pan, Guowei

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0111223

Cited by 67 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The urban/rural differences found in this study are similar to others found in LMICs (Howe et al, 2012). The younger age group (11-14) had more psychopathology on YSR is similar to other findings (Merikangas, Nakamura, & Kessler, 2009;Xiaoli et al, 2014), especially for anxiety and depression which is what YSR measures and not psychotic condition which are more in older age adolescents (Achenbach et al, 2003). The 74.4%…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

World Health Organization life‐skills training is efficacious in reducing youth self‐report scores in primary school going children in Kenya

Ndetei

Mutiso

Gitonga

et al. 2018

Early Intervention Psych

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Aim: Documented evidence shows that training in life skills for school going children improves their physical and mental health status. Although Kenya has a curriculum and a policy for lifeskills training in schools, these have not been implemented because lack of local evidence for efficacy. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the efficacy and effectiveness of the life-skill training curriculum for primary schools developed by the Ministry of Education, Kenya.Methods: We randomly selected 23 schools from two randomly selected sub-counties representing urban/peri-urban and rural contexts in Kenya. We collected baseline socio-demographic characteristics and administered the locally validated youth self-report (YSR) for 11 to 18 years old at baseline and 9 months post-intervention. We used the Ministry of Education validated curriculum for life-skills training for upper primary school as the intervention immediately after the baseline. Results:The World Health Organization life-skills training is efficacious in reducing YSR scores in primary school going children in Kenya. We found that socio-demographic characteristics were predictors for mental health and that there were significant positive improvements in internalizing and externalizing YSR symptoms and syndromes in both sites. The improvement was over 40% and therefore unlikely to be attributable to placebo effect or natural recovery without intervention. However, attention problems worsened more so in rural sites and particularly in girls.Conclusions: Life-skills training is efficacious in improving mental health in school going children in the Kenyan context. However, it is not effective in attention problems which seem to be cognitive in nature.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

World Health Organization life‐skills training is efficacious in reducing youth self‐report scores in primary school going children in Kenya

Ndetei

Mutiso

Gitonga

et al. 2018

Early Intervention Psych

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“…Second, a much smaller percentage of our patients had a diagnosis of comorbid psychiatric conditions compared to OCD studies of adults in the United States . However, this reflects epidemiological findings which may be due to the diagnostic instruments used for comorbid conditions, as well as ethnic and psychological traits (Xiaoli et al, 2014). One recent study has shown that only 15.2% children and adolescents had two or more psychiatric comorbid disorders in China (Xiaoli et al, 2014).…”

Section: Of 29mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, this reflects epidemiological findings which may be due to the diagnostic instruments used for comorbid conditions, as well as ethnic and psychological traits (Xiaoli et al, 2014). One recent study has shown that only 15.2% children and adolescents had two or more psychiatric comorbid disorders in China (Xiaoli et al, 2014). Third, while the well-established dosing regimen of clomipramine was administered in the present study, the maximum dose was much lower than those previously reported, with a maximum of 250-300 mg/day (Pizarro et al, 2014).…”

Section: Of 29mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation as an adjunct therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A randomized controlled study

Feng

Zhang

Zhu

et al. 2016

Journal of Psychiatric Research

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Background: Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) is thought to have potential to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine whether adding TEAS to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and clomipramine would improve the efficacy of these conventional treatments in OCD.Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 360 OCD patients were assigned to receive TEAS combined with CBT plus clomipramine (Group A, n = 120), TEAS combined with CBT plus placebo (Group B, n = 120), and simulated (placebo) TEAS combined with CBT plus clomipramine (Group C, n = 120) for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was measured using the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS).Results: OCD symptoms in all patients reduced over time, however Groups A and B had a significantly greater reduction in Y-BOCS total score and the subscale for obsession and compulsion between week 2 and week 12 compared to Group C. Groups A and B had similar scores on these measures. Both groups had significantly higher rates of clinical response than Group C (88.3% and 81.7% vs. 67.5%, respectively, p < 0.001); and higher rates of remission (30.0% and 22.5% vs. 9.2%, respectively, p < 0.001).Group B experienced fewer adverse events than the other two groups.Conclusions: TEAS enhances the efficacy of conventional OCD interventions and avoids the adverse effects associated with conventional pharmacological treatment. It can be considered as an effective adjunct intervention for OCD.

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“…Of the few previous epidemiological studies on ADHD in China, a recent study reported an overall prevalence of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , forth edition (DSM-IV) disorders of 9.49% (95% CI =8.10%–11.10%) among children and adolescents in Northeast China, in which the prevalence of ADHD was 0.84% (95% CI =0.52%–1.36%) 16. Both the rates are much lower than the values of the same variables (16.4 and 3.9%, respectively) reported by a previous study with Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong17 and lower than the worldwide-pooled prevalence of mental disorders (13.9%; 95% CI =11.3%–15.9%) and ADHD (3.4%; 95% CI =2.6%–4.5%) determined by a recent meta-analysis by Polanczyk et al18 Although the big difference between the reported prevalence of ADHD in China and the worldwide-pooled prevalence of ADHD may be mainly due to methodological factors as reviewed earlier, a possibility that Chinese children have a lower prevalence of ADHD could not be ruled out.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in elementary school students in Shantou, China: prevalence, subtypes, and influencing factors

Huang¹,

Shao-xiong²,

Xu³

et al. 2017

NDT

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Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a frequent childhood-onset psychiatric condition and categorized into three subtypes of predominantly inattentive (ADHD-I), hyperactive impulsive (ADHD-H), and combined (ADHD-C). The prevalence and subtypes of ADHD vary considerably. The primary aim of this study was to provide a prevalence estimate of ADHD in elementary school students living in Shantou, a district of China, and in addition to examine the influence of informants, age, and gender on the prevalence. A total of 3,497 students aged 7–12 years were enrolled by random and stratified sampling. In stage I, teachers and parents of all participating students in randomly selected schools were asked to complete Chinese versions of the Conners’ 10-item scale. In stage II, students with high scores (>15) were interviewed by a psychiatrist for a diagnosis with or without ADHD. Parents rated many more students with high scores than teachers did in stage I. The prevalence of ADHD determined by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) was 5.91% (5.27%–6.55%), which is comparable to the rates reported in previous studies with Chinese children. This hits the low border of the ADHD prevalence range from 5.9 to 7.1% worldwide, and is lower than that of Chinese children living in Hong Kong, suggesting an important influence of Chinese culture on the diagnosis of ADHD. The constituent ratios of ADHD-I, ADHD-C, and ADHD-H subtypes were 67.43, 24.57, and 8.00%, respectively. The rate of ADHD-H decreased with age, whereas that of ADHD-I remained at the highest levels in all age groups, suggesting that symptoms in the inattention domain are the most persistent and refractory.

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Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders among Children and Adolescents in Northeast China

Cited by 67 publications

References 40 publications

World Health Organization life‐skills training is efficacious in reducing youth self‐report scores in primary school going children in Kenya

World Health Organization life‐skills training is efficacious in reducing youth self‐report scores in primary school going children in Kenya

Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation as an adjunct therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A randomized controlled study

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in elementary school students in Shantou, China: prevalence, subtypes, and influencing factors

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