Prevalence of Psychiatric Illnesses in Older Ethnic Minority Adults

Abstract

OBJECTIVES-To compare lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-IV psychiatric disorders among a national representative sample of older Latinos, Asians, African-Americans, and AfroCaribbean to non-Latino Whites. DESIGN-Cross METHODS-The World Health Organization Composite International DiagnosticInterview assessed lifetime and 12-month psychiatric disorders. Interviewers matched the cultural background and language preference of participants. Bayesian estimates compared psychiatric disorder prevalence rates among ethnic/racial groups. RESULTS-After gender adjustments, older non-Latino Whites had higher lifetime rates of any depressive disorder than African-Americans but were no different than older Latinos. Older Asians and Afro-Caribbean had significantly lower lifetime rates of any depressive, anxiety, and substance use disorders than non-Latino Whites. Immigrant Asians had higher lifetime rates of GAD than the U.S.-born Asians and immigrant Latinos had higher lifetime rates of dysthymia and GAD than U. S.-born Latinos. U.S. born Latinos had higher lifetime rates of substance abuse, especially alcohol abuse, than immigrant Latinos. There were no significant differences in the rates of 12-month psychiatric disorders between non-Latino whites and ethnic/racial minorities, except that older African-Americans had higher 12-month rates of any substance use disorder compared to non-Latino Whites.CONCLUSION-Prevalence rates vary considerably by ethnicity and race as well as by nativity for older minorities, suggesting different patterns of illness and risk.

Social Determinants of Risk and Outcomes for Cardiovascular Disease

“…198 Future longitudinal research is needed to disentangle psychological mediators of the impact of social and economic circumstances on health and the impact of potential interventions to target depression in the context of its socioeconomic correlates. Understanding of these factors among racial/ethnic minorities is important because conditions such as depression and anxiety are more likely to be underdiagnosed and undertreated among minority patients and are more likely to be chronic, [204][205][206][207][208][209] potentially contributing to an earlier and heavier burden of CVD disparities in these groups. [210][211][212] …”

The effect of a culturally tailored web-based physical activity promotion program on Asian American midlife women’s depressive symptoms

“…However, pharmacotherapy is effective only in about 30% of patients, and some have a partial response to interventions, which necessitates other forms of interventions (Hamer et al, 2012;Trivedi et al, 2006). Many ethnic minority immigrants including Asian American midlife women reportedly prefer lifestyle management interventions including physical activities to other types of interventions mainly due to the misconceptions and stigma attached to mental illness (Gomez, Kelsey, Glaser, Lee, & Sidney, 2004;Hovey, 2000;Jimenez, Alegría, Chen, Chan, & Laderman, 2010;Turner & Avison, 2003). Indeed, lifestyle management strategies including physical activity promotion are widely used as preventive and therapeutic interventions for depression (Gomez et al, 2004;Hovey, 2000;Jimenez et al, 2010;Turner & Avison, 2003).…”

“…Indeed, lifestyle management strategies including physical activity promotion are widely used as preventive and therapeutic interventions for depression (Gomez et al, 2004;Hovey, 2000;Jimenez et al, 2010;Turner & Avison, 2003). Specifically, the benefits of physical activities on depressive symptoms have increasingly been reported in the literature (Gomez et al, 2004;Hovey, 2000;Jimenez et al, 2010;Turner & Avison, 2003).Despite an increasing number of Web-based physical activity promotion programs, the effect through which a Web-based physical activity promotion program improves depressive symptoms is not clearly known, especially among ethnic minority midlife women (Torres, Sampselle, Ronis, Neighbors, & Gretebeck, 2013;Wise, Adams-Campbell, Palmer, & Rosenberg, 2006). Based on previous studies (Im, Chang, Ko, et al, 2012;, the research team developed the first theory-driven Web-based physical activity promotion program that is culturally tailored for Asian American midlife women by incorporating their unique cultural attitudes toward physical activity.…”

“…Many ethnic minority immigrants including Asian American midlife women reportedly prefer lifestyle management interventions including physical activities to other types of interventions mainly due to the misconceptions and stigma attached to mental illness (Gomez, Kelsey, Glaser, Lee, & Sidney, 2004;Hovey, 2000;Jimenez, Alegría, Chen, Chan, & Laderman, 2010;Turner & Avison, 2003). Indeed, lifestyle management strategies including physical activity promotion are widely used as preventive and therapeutic interventions for depression (Gomez et al, 2004;Hovey, 2000;Jimenez et al, 2010;Turner & Avison, 2003). Specifically, the benefits of physical activities on depressive symptoms have increasingly been reported in the literature (Gomez et al, 2004;Hovey, 2000;Jimenez et al, 2010;Turner & Avison, 2003).…”

“…Indeed, lifestyle management strategies including physical activity promotion are widely used as preventive and therapeutic interventions for depression (Gomez et al, 2004;Hovey, 2000;Jimenez et al, 2010;Turner & Avison, 2003). Specifically, the benefits of physical activities on depressive symptoms have increasingly been reported in the literature (Gomez et al, 2004;Hovey, 2000;Jimenez et al, 2010;Turner & Avison, 2003).…”