Prevalence of psychiatric morbidities among children of alcohol-dependent patients – A hospital-based cross-sectional study

The Relationship of Parental Practices and Psychological Distress among Adult Children of Alcoholic Fathers in Pakistan

“…Their findings have repeatedly suggested that the spouse and the children of alcoholics are vulnerable psychologically and emotionally (Beattie, 1987(Beattie, , 1989Subby, 1987Subby, , 1989. Similar findings have emerged from Eastern countries (Ali, & Munaf, 2006;Dass et al, 2020;Hebbani et al, 2018;Omkarappa & Rentala, 2019;Sawant, 2020;Sumathi, 2018;Wong et al, 2018). Some of the effects have been translated into behaviors such as controlling, provoking, caretaking, having poor communication, and low self-esteem (Beattie, 1987(Beattie, , 1989Subby, 1987Subby, , 1989.…”

“…Alcoholism is a problem reported across the globe and is associated with an array of social, psychological and financial problems (Dass et al, 2020). Islamic Law of Pakistan forbade consumption of alcohol by Muslim citizens; only non Muslim groups are allowed to consume and sell alcohol under special license.…”

“…According to one study, high school students who were children of alcoholics reported higher levels of depression and anxiety than a control group (Omkarappa & Rentala, 2019). Moreover, research demonstrates a significant relationship between father's alcoholism and the propensity of developing a conduct disorder (Dass et al, 2020). A study on Indian college-going students who were children of alcoholics revealed that almost all the adult children of alcoholics who participated in that study reported stress levels above the cut-off point as measured on DASS-21, and over 50% of them reported depression (Hebbani et al, 2018).…”

“…According to a study done on a similar population, Ali and Munaf (2006) reported that children of substance abusers had significantly more paranoia and hypomania than the children of parents who were not substance abusers. Furthermore, female children were reported to have developed anti-social personality disorder at a much higher rate than male children (Dass et al, 2020). Others contend that male children reported depressive symptoms, and female children were more likely to report symptoms of anxiety (Hebbani et al, 2018).…”