Prevalence of renal disease within an urban HIV-infected cohort in northern Italy

Calza, Leonardo; Vanino, Elisa; Magistrelli, Eleonora; Salvadori, Caterina; Cascavilla, Alessandra; Colangeli, Vincenzo; Bari, Maria Assunta Di; Manfredi, Roberto; Viale, Pierluigi

doi:10.1007/s10157-013-0817-5

Cited by 30 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Renal disease is a relatively common complication in patients with HIV infection globally, and prevalence of renal disease in HIV patients is about 5–30%. [12] HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) was the first disease to be described in association with HIV infection and reported in the United States in 1984. [3] The spectrum of renal diseases, other than HIVAN, is known to occur in HIV-seropositive patients known as Non-HIV-related kidney diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kidney disease in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients: Absence of human immunodeficiency virus-associated nephropathy was a characteristic feature

et al. 2017

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection can cause a broad spectrum of renal diseases. However, there is paucity of Indian data on the patterns of renal lesions in HIV-seropositive patients. The aim of the present study was to delineate the spectrum of renal lesions in HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients. In this prospective study, all HIV-positive patients of both genders aged >18 years were screened for renal disease. Patients with proteinuria of more than 1 g/24 h were subjected to renal biopsy. A total of 293 HIV-positive patients were screened; of these, 136 (46.4%) patients found to have renal involvement. Dipstick-positive proteinuria of 1+ or more was observed in 112 (38.2%) patients, and 16 (14.2%) patients had proteinuria of more than 1 g/24 h. Renal biopsy in 14 cases revealed glomerulonephritis (GN) in 12 (85.7%) (isolated GN in 4 [28.5%] and GN mixed with chronic TIN in 8 [57.1%]) patients. These include mesangioproliferative GN in 5 (35.7%), membranoproliferative GN in 2 (14.2%), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in 2 (14.2%), diffuse proliferative GN in 2 (14.2%), and diabetic nephropathy in 1 (7.1%) patients. Chronic interstitial nephritis was noted in 10 (71.42%) (superimposed on GN in 8 [57.1%], isolated in 2 [14.2%]) patients. Granulomatous interstitial nephritis was seen in 3 (24.1%) cases. GN and chronic interstitial nephritis were noted in 85.7% and 71.42% of patients, respectively, mostly superimposed on each other. Mesangioproliferative GN was the most common glomerular lesion, but classical HIV-associated nephropathy was not observed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kidney disease in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients: Absence of human immunodeficiency virus-associated nephropathy was a characteristic feature

et al. 2017

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“…Results from European cohorts show a prevalence of kidney disease (eGFR < 60 mL/ min/1.73 m 2 ) to be 2-5%. [21][22][23] The relatively low median age (48 years) of our patients likely explains this finding. However, the high prevalence of patients with signs of renal damage, most of whom had an eGFR > 60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 is similar to other results recently reported elsewhere, 21 and, contrary, is lower than others regarding the proportion of proteinuria detected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…[21][22][23] The relatively low median age (48 years) of our patients likely explains this finding. However, the high prevalence of patients with signs of renal damage, most of whom had an eGFR > 60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 is similar to other results recently reported elsewhere, 21 and, contrary, is lower than others regarding the proportion of proteinuria detected. 23 Interestingly, these others signs of renal damage (no only AUC or UPC altered) could appear earlier than proteinuria in the case of renal alteration, and this is a possible explanation of the differences in the results regarding the distinct parameters evaluated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

High Prevalence of Signs of Renal Damage Despite Normal Renal Function in a Cohort of HIV-Infected Patients: Evaluation of Associated Factors

Bonjoch

Juega

Puig

et al. 2014

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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Renal disorders are an emerging problem in HIV-infected patients. We performed a cross-sectional study of the first 1000 HIV-infected patients attended at our HIV unit who agreed to participate. We determined the frequency of renal alterations and its related risk factors. Summary statistics and logistic regression were applied. The study sample comprised 970 patients with complete data. Most were white (94%) and men (76%). Median (IQR) age was 48 (42-53) years. Hypertension was diagnosed in 19%, dyslipidemia in 27%, and diabetes mellitus in 3%. According to the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD EPI) equation, 29 patients (3%) had an eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ; 18 of them (62%) presented altered albumin/creatinine and protein/creatinine (UPC or UAC) ratios. Of the patients with eGFR > 60 mL/min, it was present in 293 (30%), 38 of whom (7.1%) had UPC > 300 mg/g. Increased risk of renal abnormalities was correlated with hypertension (OR, 1.821 [95%CI, 1.292;2.564]; p = 0.001), age (OR, 1.015 [95%CI, 1.001;1.030], per one year; p = 0.040), and use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) plus protease inhibitor (PI), (OR, 1.401 [95%CI, 1.078;1.821]; p = 0.012). Current CD4 cell count was a protective factor (OR, 0.9995 [95%CI, 0.9991;0.9999], per one cell; p = 0.035). A considerable proportion of patients presented altered UPC or UAC ratios, despite having an eGFR > 60 mL/min. CD4 cell count was a protective factor; age, hypertension, and use of TDF plus PIs were risk factors for renal abnormalities. Based on our results, screen of renal abnormalities should be considered in all HIV-infected patients to detect these alterations early.

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“…Although the side effects of antiretroviral drug use by HIV-positive patients have been extensively studied, only limited data have been published on side effects of antiretroviral drugs when used as PrEP agents in healthy, HIV-negative people 6–10. Unusual and rare symptoms potentially associated with PrEP are useful to report.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological syndrome in an HIV-prevention trial participant randomized to daily tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (300 mg) and emtricitabine (200 mg) in Bondo, Kenya

Owino¹,

Mandala²,

Ambia

et al. 2013

IMCRJ

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Side effects of antiretroviral drug use by HIV-positive patients have been extensively studied; however, there are limited data on the side effects of antiretroviral drugs used as an HIV prophylaxis among healthy, HIV-negative individuals. Here we report on an unusual neuropathy in a 24-year-old participant in the FEM-PrEP trial. This was a Phase III randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial to test the safety and effectiveness of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (300 mg) and emtricitabine (200 mg) (TDF-FTC) to prevent HIV. At the eighth week of taking TDF-FTC with moderate adherence, the participant complained of mild paresthesiae, numbness, and a tingling sensation in her upper limbs that was associated with pain and cold. After an additional 4 days, she developed a disabling weakness of her upper limbs and tremors in her hands. The study product was discontinued, and within 2 weeks she was free of all symptoms. One month after restarting the drug, she complained of posture-dependent numbness of her upper limbs. Results of clinical and neurological exams, laboratory tests, and magnetic resonance imaging are described here.

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Prevalence of renal disease within an urban HIV-infected cohort in northern Italy

Abstract: Renal dysfunction is a frequent comorbidity among HIV-infected persons and requires a careful clinical and laboratory monitoring of renal function.

Cited by 30 publications

References 24 publications

Kidney disease in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients: Absence of human immunodeficiency virus-associated nephropathy was a characteristic feature

Kidney disease in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients: Absence of human immunodeficiency virus-associated nephropathy was a characteristic feature

High Prevalence of Signs of Renal Damage Despite Normal Renal Function in a Cohort of HIV-Infected Patients: Evaluation of Associated Factors

Neurological syndrome in an HIV-prevention trial participant randomized to daily tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (300 mg) and emtricitabine (200 mg) in Bondo, Kenya

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