Prevalence of renal scaring caused by urinary tract infections in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

PURPOSE. SOURCES OF INFORMATION. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the second most common infection in children, the most important complication of which is renal scarring. The aim of present study was to evaluate the prevalence of renal scarring after UTI in children through systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS. The international databases of Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science and the Google Scholar search engine were searched using standard keywords. The sources found were from 2010 to 2020 and the search stage was updated until 2021.02.16. Data were analyzed using STATA-14 software and the significance level was considered at PRESULTS. In 29 studies with a sample size of 9,986 children, the prevalence of renal scarring in children was estimated at 35% (95% CI: 29-41). Also, the prevalence of renal scarring was in girls 61% (95% CI: 40-81) and in boys 34% (95% CI: 11-57). The prevalence of unilateral renal scarring in children was 56% (95% CI: 48-65) and bilateral renal scarring was 31% (95% CI: 14-48). In addition, the prevalence of scar was 54% in children with reflux and 12% in children without vesicoureteral reflux. CONCLUSIONS. More than one third of people under the age of 18 after UTI have renal scarring. The prevalence of this complication in girls is about 2 times higher than that in boys and in people with reflux, it is about 4 times higher than people who do not have urinary reflux. Also, about half of people under the age of 18 suffer from unilateral renal scarring and about one third of them suffer from bilateral renal scarring

Prevalence of Orthopedic Pains in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

“…If a disease occurs during childhood and adolescence, it will affect the rest of the patient's life (15)(16)(17). The fact that children and teenagers, especially during school age, lack information about the specifications of basic equipment, such as bags and shoes, can affect their health, and if repeated, these individuals will suffer from skeletal and muscular problems in adulthood (18,19). The lack of physical activity and stressful situations due to busy and industrial life have led to many physical and mental complications among school students, including skeletal and muscle pains (20)(21)(22).…”