Prevalence of Risk Factors for Falls Among the Elderly Receiving Care at Home

Na'emani, Faroogh; Zali, Morad Esmaiil; Sohrabi, Zahra; Fayaz-Bakhsh, Ahmad

doi:10.32598/sija.13.special-issue.638

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The results showed that about 0.77% of the Iranian households in 2018 had used rehabilitation services. Considering the prevalence of disability in Iran in 2011, which was reported to be about 1.35%, this finding can be justified [17]. The type of population can also affect the use of services.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Inequality in the Utilization of Rehabilitation Services Among Urban and Rural Households in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study

Dizaj

Na'emani

Fateh

et al. 2020

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Objective: Demographic and epidemiological changes in the 21st century have created new challenges such as aging and the rising trend of non-communicable diseases. The high prevalence of disability (due to the growing aging population), non-communicable diseases, and accidents have increased the demand for rehabilitation services. However, there are not enough resources to meet all current needs in many parts of the world. The purpose of this study is to investigate the inequality in the utilization of rehabilitation services between Iranian households in urban and rural areas. Materials & Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical study with a cross-sectional design using the household expenditure, income survey data from the Statistics Center of Iran in 2018. The used instrument was a questionnaire surveying the expenditure and income of urban and rural households (social characteristics of household members, place of residence and main living facilities, food/non-food expenses, and household income), which was completed through interviewing the household head or a member over 15 years of age. The study samples were 18610 households in rural areas and 20348 households in urban areas. After extracting and refining the data, 38958 households were included in the study. Factors affecting their utilization of rehabilitation services and the inequality in utilization were analyzed using the Chi-square test and the concentration index (CI), respectively. Data were extracted in MS Access 2013 and MS Excel 2013 applications and were analyzed in STATA V.14.1 software. The geographic distribution of the service utilization was plotted using ArcGIS Map V. 10 software. Results: A total of 258 households (0.77%) used rehabilitation services. Of these, 226 (87%) had a male head, and 32 (13%) had a female head. About 60% had 3-4 members, and 239 (92%) had insurance coverage, and others (8%) had no insurance coverage. Also, 173 (67%) had an employed head. Finally, 55% were living in rural areas, and 45% in urban areas. Uninsured households had less use of rehabilitation services (P<0.05). Also, 1.32% of the fifth income quintile (highest income) used rehabilitation services, while this rate was 0.35% for households in the first quintile (P<0.001). Zanjan, Qazvin, Khuzestan, Isfahan, Lorestan, Bushehr, and Semnan provinces had the lowest service utilization rates in urban/rural areas and the whole country. Qom province had a better status regarding service utilization in urban areas, while East Azerbaijan, Mazandaran, Golestan, Yazd, Fars, and Hormozgan provinces had higher service utilization rates in rural areas. Overall, East Azerbaijan, Mazandaran, and Qom provinces had a higher rate of utilization. The CI value for the whole country was reported at 0.24 (95% CI: 0.17-0.30), indicating a higher inequality in utilization in favor of the rich. The CI values for rural and urban areas were 0.27 and 0.19, respectively (P<0.001). Conclusion: There is inequality in the utilization of rehabilitation services in favor of the rich households in Iran, and low-income households have lower access to these services. The inclusion of rehabilitation services in the primary health insurance package with appropriate pricing and population coverage, and fair distribution of rehabilitation services following the needs of public and private sectors, can increase the access and utilization of rehabilitation services.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Inequality in the Utilization of Rehabilitation Services Among Urban and Rural Households in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study

Dizaj

Na'emani

Fateh

et al. 2020

Self Cite

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“…In this study, the prevalence rate of falling was higher in females (22.4%), compared to males (14%). Based on the results of a study performed by Na'emani et al, this rate was 16% and 12% in females and males, respectively (20). In other studies, falling was also more prevalent among older females, compared to males (21,22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Falling and Chronic Diseases among the Elderly: Result from AHAP study

Hosseini

Zohani

Bijani

et al. 2020

ircmj

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Background: Falling and chronic diseases are important health issues in elderly people and reduce the quality of life. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between chronic diseases and falling in the elderly people. Methods: This cross-sectional study came from the first phase of Amirkola Health and Ageing Project (AHAP) that has been done on all elderly people aged 60 and over in Amirkola city in northern part of Iran. Demographic information including chronic diseases were gathered through self-report, observation of prescriptions and consumed drugs by patients and prevalence of falling during 12 months ago was obtained through information form and interview with elderly people. Results: In this study, 883 men(54.6%) and 733 women(45.3%) were investigated. The average age of individuals was 69.37±7.42 (in men 70±7.7 and in women 69.7±7.00). In this study, 288(17.8%) of eldely people had the experience of falling in the last 12 months. The prevalence of falling was higher in elderly women(P<0.001) and the elderly who lived alone(P=0.01). The prevalence of falling in the elderly had a significant relationship with diseases of osteoporosis(P<0.001), myocardial infarction(P=0.03), fractures(P<0.001), cognitive impairment(P=0.001), headache(P=0.002). In addition, the results of logistic regression showed that the prevalence of falling was related to urinary incontinence(P=0.02), fracture history(P=0.001), hearing loss(P=0.006), and depressive symptoms(P=0.001). Conclusions: The results of this study indicate a significant prevalence of falling and its direct relation with some chronic diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to ask some questions and care about each referring of the elderly to the health centers.

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“…Taheri Tanjani et al [9] reported a prevalence of 25.5% in the elderly. Na'emani et al [33] estimated the frequency of falls among the elderly living in Tehran as 66% once, 20% twice, 7% three times, 4% four times, 2% five times, and 1% six times. Mortazavi et al [31] estimated the Mean±SD fear score of falling to be 11.3±11.07 and reported a significant relationship between fear of falling and a history of falling (P<0.001).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Fall and Related Factors in Iranian Elderly: A Systematic Review

پهلوانیان¹,

نجاریان²,

ادبی³

et al. 2020

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Objective: Aging is one of the critical and growing stages in Iran. Falling is one of the most common problems in this period that leads to mobility, social limitations and even death. To increase the awareness and prevent secondary hazards due to falls, this study was conducted as a review article aiming the prevalence of falls based on evidence and related factors in Iranian elderly. Materials & Methods: In this study, the Prism method includes research published from 2008 to 2018 focusing on the prevalence of falls based on evidence and related factors in the Iranian elderly and the keywords prevalence, falls, falls-related factors, the elderly In the scientific database of PubMed and Scopus, Google Scholar, SID, Magiran, Irandoc. After reviewing the studies, 394 articles were obtained and finally, by reviewing the abstracts, 14 articles were selected. Results: The results of Iranian studies were reported very differently. There was a significant relationship between aging, marriage, education, neurological diseases, painkillers, and home safety. Conclusion: The findings of this review study show an increase in the frequency of falls in the Iranian elderly that it is worthwhile to consider one of the health policies in this period of life to prevent and reduce the causes of falls at this age to reduce costs. Reduce the health caused by fall related injuries. Since prevention and education programs are not implemented in the elderly, the results of this study can help identify the importance of treatment costs and the harmful status.

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Prevalence of Risk Factors for Falls Among the Elderly Receiving Care at Home

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

Inequality in the Utilization of Rehabilitation Services Among Urban and Rural Households in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study

Inequality in the Utilization of Rehabilitation Services Among Urban and Rural Households in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study

Falling and Chronic Diseases among the Elderly: Result from AHAP study

The Prevalence of Fall and Related Factors in Iranian Elderly: A Systematic Review

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