Prevalence of risk factors for HIV infection among Mexican migrants and immigrants: probability survey in the north border of Mexico

Rangel, Gudelia; Martínez-Donate, Ana P.; Hovell, Melbourne F.; Santibáñez, Jorge; Sipan, Carol L.; Izazola-Licea, José Antonio

doi:10.1590/s0036-36342006000100003

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…We should note that Latino MSM living in the El Paso-Ciudad Juárez region may also differ substantially from other U.S. MSM and other border-region Latino MSM (e.g., those from the Tijuana-San Diego area) [15]. Little research on correlates associated with HIV risk behavior exist among Latino MSM along the border [7] and even less among Latino MSM living with HIV along the border. Given the dearth of knowledge about Latino MSM living with HIV in the El Paso-Ciudad Juárez border region, these results have important implications for further HIV prevention research with this vulnerable population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Across the U.S., Latino MSM acquire HIV at three times the rate of White MSM, second only to African American MSM [4]. Along the border with México, researchers have warned that fluid migration, high rates of risk behavior on both sides of the border, and the scarcity of prevention services create the potential for an explosion in the epidemic [5–7]. In this region, nearly 63 % of HIV cases among men and women are attributed to male-to-male sexual contact and this attributable prevalence increased 11.4 % per year among men and 4.4 % per year among women between 2003 and 2006 [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this region, nearly 63 % of HIV cases among men and women are attributed to male-to-male sexual contact and this attributable prevalence increased 11.4 % per year among men and 4.4 % per year among women between 2003 and 2006 [6]. Latino MSM specifically account for the largest proportion of new HIV cases in the region [5, 8], and rates of sexual risk behavior are notably high [7, 9]. Preventing HIV along the border therefore requires lessening risk of sexual transmission among Latino MSM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors Associated with Sexual Risk of HIV Transmission Among HIV-Positive Latino Men Who have Sex with Men on the U.S.-México Border

et al. 2016

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We present results from a cross-sectional, clinic-based survey of border-region Latino men who have sex with men (MSM) and who also are living with HIV in the El Paso-Ciudad Juárez area. Among the 66 participants who reported serodiscordant anal or vaginal intercourse, we examined levels of psychological distress and substance use and the association of these variables with condomless sex. Bivariate analyses indicated that MSM who reported condomless sex with a serodiscordant partner were more likely to report higher scores on measures of anxiety, depression, and trauma. These men were also more likely to report more days of alcohol use to the point of intoxication. In multivariate logistic regression, no variables were independently associated with sexual risk behavior, but symptoms of anxiety trended toward statistical significance. Our study is one of few reports aimed at understanding the HIV epidemic among Latino MSM living with HIV in the El Paso-Ciudad Juárez border region. Although we found no evidence of a relation between our measures of psychological distress and substance use and sexual risk behavior in multivariate analyses, psychological distress and problematic alcohol use were common in the sample and are important targets for intervention in their own right.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors Associated with Sexual Risk of HIV Transmission Among HIV-Positive Latino Men Who have Sex with Men on the U.S.-México Border

et al. 2016

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“…While Mexico reports a low national HIV prevalence rate [16], the highly mobile border population is at risk of HIV infection secondary to poverty, lack of access to health services, and increased risk-taking behavior [17,18]. Identifying women at risk for HIV infection due to their participation in HIV sex risk behaviors and determining the factors associated with such behavior could inform future preventive efforts which, if effective, could reduce HIV acquisition rates among Latinas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking HIV Risks among Women on the US/Mexico Border: Alcohol and Latina Sex Behavior

Parsa¹

2015

J Fam Med Dis Prev

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rate of new HIV infections among Latinas is 4.2 times higher than that of white females [1]. Understanding HIV risk behaviors within the Hispanic female population could be of value to limit HIV transmission. For Latinas, unsafe sexual behavior with an HIV infected male is the primary route of HIV acquisition [1]. HIV positive males may not be aware of their HIV status or even if they are aware, more than 13% report unprotected sex with women [2]. According to the CDC 1 in 8 HIV infected individuals are unaware they are infected [3]. Greater knowledge of Latinas' sex behaviors and associated risk factors is needed to inform preventive efforts.Little is known about HIV sex risk behaviors among women Emergency Department (ED) patients. Factors that can greatly influence sexual behavior such as age, ethnic, racial and cultural background varies considerably by ED location. A review of literature on prevalence of HIV among ED patients demonstrates that ED patients can have a relatively high prevalence, up to >1% [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. A substantial proportion of ED patients report engaging in HIV sex risk behaviors. In a Boston ED, 70% of substance users reported engaging in sex without a condom in the past 30 days, and 36% reported having sex without a condom with a casual sex partner [11]. In a New York ED, 37.6% of patients reported engaging in one or more HIV risk behaviors and among participants who reported only one sexual partner, a seemingly "low risk" population, 15.0% of women reported that their usual sexual partner had other concurrent partners in the past year [12]. In another ED, 50.2% of women reported having unprotected vaginal or anal sex and 4.3% of women reported having unprotected sex with men who had sex with another man in the past ten years [13].To date no studies have surveyed unsafe, sexual activity among Latina ED patients. Among Latinas, immigrants may be even less enabled to protect themselves due to their lack of empowerment within machismo cultures [14]. El Paso is a major city on the US/ Mexico border. El Paso's population is 80.7% Hispanic with many new and recent immigrants primarily of Mexican origin [15]. In El Paso, the HIV diagnosis rate for Latinas was 7.4/100,000 in 2013,

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“…Research indicates that risky sexual behaviors are prevalent both during the migration process (Caballero‐Hoyos et al , 2008; Duke and Gómez Carpinteiro, 2009) and after settlement in the USA (Bletzer, 2004; Duke and Gómez Carpinteiro, 2009). Among Mexican migrants to the USA, low perception of risk has resulted in low condom use (Apostolopoulos et al , 2006), a greater number of sexual partners in the last year (3.3 versus 1.8) compared to non‐migrating Mexican males (Magis‐Rodríguez et al , 2004), and high prevalence rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (Gudelia Rangel et al , 2006). While this information is helpful to understand risky sexual behaviors in the USA, understanding risky sexual behaviors prior to migration is crucial to prevention efforts, but as of yet has not been well documented.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mexican adolescents' risky sexual behavior and migration intentions

Ayers

Marsiglia

Hoffman

et al. 2012

International Journal of Migration, Health and Social Care

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PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify the association between risky sexual behaviors and migration intentions among adolescents living in Guanajuato, Mexico.Design/methodology/approachData were collected by self‐administered questionnaires to students enrolled in an alternative schooling system in Guanajuato, Mexico, during the school year of 2006‐2007. The sample size for this study includes 538 unmarried students, 35 percent male, ages 14‐19. Ordinal logistic regression is used to estimate the odds of engaging in risky sexual behaviors.FindingsThe results reveal that male adolescents with higher intentions to migrate have significantly higher odds of engaging in risky sexual behaviors than both males who are less interested in migrating and females, regardless of their migration intentions.Practical implicationsInterventions on both sides of the US/Mexico border are needed in order to address this concern particularly among males who express a desire to migrate to the US someday.Social implicationsThese findings highlight the importance of examining risky sexual behaviors even before migration to the US occurs. By engaging in high risk sexual behaviors prior to migrating, adolescents are putting themselves and both their sexual partners in Mexico and their future sexual partners in the US at increased risk of contracting STIs and HIV.Originality/valueThe study examined risky sexual behavior of adolescents in Mexico prior to migration. Knowledge about risky sexual behaviors prior to departure is vital for policy makers and researchers as they seek to design and implement interventions aimed at quelling this growing public health concern.

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Prevalence of risk factors for HIV infection among Mexican migrants and immigrants: probability survey in the north border of Mexico

Cited by 14 publications

References 11 publications

Factors Associated with Sexual Risk of HIV Transmission Among HIV-Positive Latino Men Who have Sex with Men on the U.S.-México Border

Factors Associated with Sexual Risk of HIV Transmission Among HIV-Positive Latino Men Who have Sex with Men on the U.S.-México Border

Rethinking HIV Risks among Women on the US/Mexico Border: Alcohol and Latina Sex Behavior

Mexican adolescents' risky sexual behavior and migration intentions

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