Prevalence of Rotavirus Genogroup A and Norovirus Genogroup II in Bassaseachic Falls National Park Surface Waters in Chihuahua, Mexico

Abstract

In areas lacking potable water treatment, drinking contaminated water may represent a public health threat. In addition to enteropathogenic bacteria and parasites, fecal contamination in water environments is associated with the transmission of enteric viruses and other causal agents of infectious disease. Rotavirus and norovirus are the main enteric viral agents responsible for diarrheic outbreaks. The aim of the present study was to detect seasonal variation of rotavirus and norovirus in the surface water at Bassaseachic Falls National Park during 2013. Rivers and streams within and nearby this park were sampled once in each season during 2013. Viral concentration was carried out by a handmade filtration equipment, using a commercial electropositive membrane coupled with the virus absortion elution technique (VIRADEL©). Detection of rotavirus and norovirus was performed by SYBR Green reverse transcription-real time polymerase chain reaction (SYBR GREEN© RT-qPCR) analyses. Norovirus genogroup II was detected in samples collected in June and October 2013. In the case of rotavirus, genogroup A was detected in March and June. The presence of rotavirus and norovirus was related to viral acute diarrhea in children less than five years of age, who were inhabiting the sampled areas. This may indicates that the contaminated water was potentially a risk factor for regional diarrheic outbreaks.

Human Enteric Circulating Viruses and Co-infections Among Hospitalized Children with Severe Acute Gastroenteritis in Chihuahua, Mexico, During 2010 - 2011

“…For synthesizing cDNA for Reverse Transcription (RT) amplification, 300 ng of the extracted-purified total RNA sample was used for was performed with, using Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Reverse Transcriptase (MMLV RT) (Promega, Madison, WI), following the manufacturer's instructions (11). For the PCR assay, 200 ng of the extractedpurified sample was amplified using previously reported primers (Table 1).…”

Sularda, İnsan Enfeksiyonları ile İlişkili Norovirus Genogruplarının Real-Time PCR Yöntemi ile Saptanması

“…Su kaynaklı enfeksiyonlarda norovirüs yaygın olarak bildirilmektedir. Doğası gereği, bu kontaminasyon sıklıkla biyolojik atıklarla ilişkilidir [4]. Çevre koşullarında uzun süre yaşama şansı olduğu için bu Norovirüslerin önemini arttırmaktadır [9].…”

“…Çevre koşullarında uzun süre yaşama şansı olduğu için bu Norovirüslerin önemini arttırmaktadır [9]. Yenilenme yeteneği hızlı olan ve farklı pek çok genogrup, genotip ve varyantları bulunan norovirüslerin moleküler epidemiyolojik olarak sularda incelenerek durumunun bilinmesi, hem epidemiyolojik veri sunması, hem de ulusal aşı çalışmalarında da kullanılabilmesi açısından değerlidir [4].…”

Norovirus and human adenovirus occurrence and diversity in recreational water in a karst aquifer in the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico

“…In Mexico, previous studies revealed the presence of enteric viruses including NoVs and HAdVs in superficial freshwater affected by human faecal pollution in urban and rural settings (Mazari‐Hiriart et al ; Arredondo‐Hernández et al ; Delgado‐Gardea et al ). In coastal areas of Mexico, the presence of NoV GII was reported from an estuarine environment located in the most productive shrimp cultivation area in the state of Sinaloa (Hernández‐Morga et al ), and in marine recreational waters in the same state (León‐Félix et al ).…”