Prevalence of Salmonella spp. in water sources of Sistan: A descriptive cross-sectional study

Abstract

This study was aimed to survey the prevalence of Salmonella spp. in water sources of Sistan and Baluchistan Province, Iran. Total 100 samples were collected from different sites and divided on the basis of potability, geographic location, accessibility, consumption and water flow types. Protocols issued by Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran were used to detect Salmonella spp. Results of study revealed that 74.6% water sources shows the presence of Salmonella spp. Among studied sources, only one sample of potable water was contaminated with Salmonella spp. The highest contamination was reported from still water and it was significantly different that the pipe water (p<0.05). The highest contamination among non-potable water was reported from Jazinak compared to other regions. Further, it was reported that non-potable water is mostly used for non-agricultural consumption and it was found to be more polluted than water used for irrigation (p<0.05). The highest contamination with Salmonella was reported in ponds water (p<0.05). Non-potable water collected from east region of Sistan was reported more polluted than the west region. Contamination of non-potable water resources in the study area was high. Potable water, totally, indicates the proper function of the Salmonella treatment plan of water refinery of Sistan. Non-potable water of study area is polluted. Identification of Salmonella serotype and antibiotic susceptibility testing serve as indicators to define the accurate level of contamination.

Occurrence of antibiotic resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistant genes in rivers found in Anambra state, Nigeria

“…Escherichia coli and intestinal Enterococci species were isolated in Mubi [6]. In another study, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter and Salmonella were distinguished [9]. The greater part of these microscopic organisms are gut bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus is present on individuals' skin, in their noses and throats.…”

“…Thus, the broad utilization of antibiotics in medication and horticulture has brought about their perpetual discovery in the climate which straightforwardly or in a roundabout way impacts their quality in the rivers. Increment of fecal contamination in sources of water is an issue [9].…”