Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in pediatric healthcare workers

Morris, Claudia R.; Sullivan, Patrick S.; Mantus, Grace; Sanchez, Travis; Zlotorzynska, María; Hanberry, Bradley; Iyer, Srikant; Heilman, Stacy; Camacho-González, Andrés; Figueroa, Janet; Manoranjithan, Shaminy; Leake, Deborah; Mendis, Reshika; Cleeton, Rebecca; Chen, Christie; Krieger, Rachel; Bush, Patricia; Hughes, Tiffany; Little, Wendalyn K.; Suthar, Mehul S.; Wrammert, Jens; Vos, Miriam B.

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2021.03.017

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The first was a case-control study of asymptomatic pediatric health-care workers (HCWs) !18 years of age, screened between April and June 2020 for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies 27 as part of a longitudinal COVID-19 surveillance study. 28 Those who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were matched by age and gender with HCWs who tested negative for IgG antibodies. The second observational cohort included children 0-21 years of age hospitalized at Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (CHOA) between March and May 2020 with asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 (identified through screening by PCR), confirmed or suspected COVID-19, MIS-C, or KD who were enrolled for prospective and/or residual blood collection and had plasma samples available for analysis.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first was a case-control study of asymptomatic pediatric health-care workers (HCWs) !18 years of age, screened between April and June 2020 for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies 27 as part of a longitudinal COVID-19 surveillance study. 28 29 Hospitalized controls were defined as patients evaluated for any of the above conditions, but did not meet diagnostic criteria. A convenience sample of asymptomatic patients testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR, but hospitalized for other reasons requiring screening preoperatively or for intensive care unit admission was also included.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Secretory phospholipase A2 in SARS-CoV-2 infection and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C)

Kuypers

Rostad

Anderson

et al. 2021

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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Secretory phospholipase 2 (sPLA2) acts as a mediator between proximal and distal events of the inflammatory cascade. Its role in SARS-CoV-2 infection is unknown, but could contribute to COVID-19 inflammasome activation and cellular damage. We present the first report of plasma sPLA2 levels in adults and children with COVID-19 compared with controls. Currently asymptomatic adults with a history of recent COVID-19 infection (≥4 weeks before) identified by SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies had sPLA2 levels similar to those who were seronegative (9 ± 6 vs.17 ± 28 ng/mL, P = 0.26). In contrast, children hospitalized with severe COVID-19 had significantly elevated sPLA2 compared with those with mild or asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection (269 ± 137 vs. 2 ± 3 ng/mL, P = 0.01). Among children hospitalized with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), all had severe disease requiring pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission. sPLA2 levels were significantly higher in those with acute illness <10 days versus convalescent disease ≥10 days (540 ± 510 vs. 2 ± 1, P = 0.04). Thus, sPLA2 levels correlated with COVID-19 severity and acute MIS-C in children, implicating a role in inflammasome activation and disease pathogenesis. sPLA2 may be a useful biomarker to stratify risk and guide patient management for children with acute COVID-19 and MIS-C. Therapeutic compounds targeting sPLA2 and inflammasome activation warrant consideration.

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Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first was a case-control study of asymptomatic pediatric health-care workers (HCWs) !18 years of age, screened between April and June 2020 for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies 27 as part of a longitudinal COVID-19 surveillance study. 28 29 Hospitalized controls were defined as patients evaluated for any of the above conditions, but did not meet diagnostic criteria. A convenience sample of asymptomatic patients testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR, but hospitalized for other reasons requiring screening preoperatively or for intensive care unit admission was also included.…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secretory phospholipase A2 in SARS-CoV-2 infection and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C)

Kuypers

Rostad

Anderson

et al. 2021

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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“…There is growing data to suggest that Paediatric HCWs are at a greater risk of COVID-19 infection than initially presumed. (30,31) One of the strongest predictors of SARS-CoV-2 infection in HCWs is "symptoms". The risk of COVID-19 was higher in HCWs who were symptomatic but had no known exposure than HCWs exposed to a patient contact.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and health care worker exposure at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital

Glatt

Winchow

Tsitsi

et al. 2023

Wits Journal of Clinical Medicine

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Background: Health care workers (HCWs) are at increased risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Appropriate risk assessments and testing are essential to reduce transmission and avoid workforce depletion. Objective: To investigate the risk of COVID-19 infection among HCWs who fulfil the person under investigation case definition or had exposure to a confirmed COVID-19 contact. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of HCWs who were exposed to and/or tested for COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic. Data collected included demographics, exposure type, risk level, and COVID-19 test result. Frequency distribution tables, bivariate analyses, univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted. Results: Among the 1111 HCWs reviewed, 643 were tested with 35.6% positive results. PUI's accounted for 62.4% of positive cases. Symptomatic HCWs with no known contact were at a greater risk of infection than those with a patient exposure (p═0.001). The risk of testing positive was higher after a patient exposure (p═0.000) compared to a co-worker contact. Patient-facing designations had a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection than non-clinical designations (p═0.013). The exception to this was security personnel who were 28 times more likely to test positive than any other designation (p═0.000). Conclusion: There is a higher positivity rate among HCWs than the general population. The presence of symptoms warrants testing. Nosocomial transmission was derived from patients more than co-worker contacts. Precautions in the workplace need to be reinforced to protect the health and safety of HCWs during this pandemic. These findings should assist with preparedness for future pandemics.

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“…This divergence suggests that local variability and residual confounding for SARS-CoV-2 acquisition may explain the association rather than the occupation itself. There are several published studies of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in pediatric hospitals, but none has investigated ethnicity or socioeconomic variables as risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 exposure and infection [ 2–4 , 16–18 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic and Demographic Risk Factors for SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity Among Healthcare Workers in a UK Hospital: A Prospective Cohort Study

Lam,

Saso,

Torres Ortiz

et al. 2023

Clinical Infectious Diseases

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Background To protect healthcare workers (HCWs) from the consequences of disease due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), it is necessary to understand the risk factors that drive exposure and infection within hospitals. Insufficient consideration of key socioeconomic variables is a limitation of existing studies that can lead to bias and residual confounding of proposed risk factors for infection. Methods The Co-STARs study prospectively enrolled 3679 HCWs between April 2020 and September 2020. We used multivariate logistic regression to comprehensively characterize the demographic, occupational, socioeconomic, and environmental risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity. Results After adjusting for key confounders, relative household overcrowding (odds ratio [OR], 1.4 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.1–1.9]; P = .006), Black, Black British, Caribbean, or African ethnicity (OR, 1.7 [95% CI, 1.2–2.3]; P = .003), increasing age (ages 50–60 years: OR, 1.8 [95% CI, 1.3–2.4]; P < .001), lack of access to sick pay (OR, 1.8 [95% CI, 1.3–2.4]; P < .001). Conclusions Socioeconomic and demographic factors outside the hospital were the main drivers of infection and exposure to SARS-CoV-2 during the first wave of the pandemic in an urban pediatric referral hospital. Overcrowding and out-of-hospital SARS-CoV-2 contact are less amenable to intervention. However, lack of access to sick pay among externally contracted staff is more easily rectifiable. Our findings suggest that providing easier access to sick pay would lead to a decrease in SARS-CoV-2 transmission and potentially that of other infectious diseases in hospital settings. Clinical Trials Registration NCT04380896.

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Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in pediatric healthcare workers

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Secretory phospholipase A2 in SARS-CoV-2 infection and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C)

Secretory phospholipase A2 in SARS-CoV-2 infection and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C)

COVID-19 and health care worker exposure at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital

Socioeconomic and Demographic Risk Factors for SARS-CoV-2 Seropositivity Among Healthcare Workers in a UK Hospital: A Prospective Cohort Study

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