Prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni and Associated Risk Factors in Human and Biomphalaria Snails in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Hailegebriel, Tamirat; Nibret, Endalkachew; Munshea, Abaineh

doi:10.1007/s11686-021-00449-6

Cited by 7 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“… 57 Relatively lower prevalence S. mansoni cercariae than our finding was recorded in Senegal, 1.8–7.1% in Biomphalaria. 14 Our finding was lower prevalence than Hailegebriel et al 58 reported 15.9% in other parts of Ethiopia. The cercariae carrier state of snail still remains a basic factor for the possible survival and spread of schistosomiasis.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Schistosoma mansoni Epidemiology Among Snails, Rodents and Children: A One Health Approach

Alehegne¹,

Mitiku²

2022

IDR

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Background Schistosoma is one of the prevalent parasitic infection in humans and animals. Schistosomiasis in children is particularly serious and results in liver and spleen enlargement, anemia, stunting, reduced ability to learn and death. The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence and distribution of schistosomiasis in children, rodents and snail populations in Aleffa and Takusa districts, north-west Ethiopia. Methods Disease status and exposure were simultaneously measured from December 2020 to December 2021. School children's stool specimens were collected for schistosomiasis examination by Kato Katz and formal-ether techniques. Live rodents and snails were trapped and collected in search of adult schistosoma, eggs, and cercariae, respectively. Multiple logistic regression analytic technique by using SPSS version 20 was conducted. Results Of 460 stool specimens examined, 116 (25.22) were found positive for S. mansoni infection. In the present finding, the possible determinants for the occurrence of intestinal schistosomiasis in school children were female sex (AOR = 1.09, 95% CI: 1.37–2.96); working with bare foot (AOR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.08–1.52); skin cut/abrasion history (AOR = 3.6, 95% CI: 1.08–7.43) and swimming habit (AOR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.33–1.99). The overall (n = 108) rodent prevalence of S. mansoni was 23 (21.3%). Only 6 snails were shedding the infective stage of schistosoma cercariae. Conclusion The study revealed that there is a moderate prevalence of schistosomiasis in different hosts. Thus, multi-host intervention is crucial to achieving the goal of interrupting transmission of schistosomiasis in the study area. Further research to better understand and exploit the broader environmental, ecological context and encompassing dynamic interactions between all hosts over time will be crucial for building predictive models beyond the known fact of having or not having reservoirs/hybridization of schistosoma in our study area.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

Schistosoma mansoni Epidemiology Among Snails, Rodents and Children: A One Health Approach

Alehegne¹,

Mitiku²

2022

IDR

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“…Our previous review showed that 32.5% human population and 15.9% of Biomphalaria snails were positive for S . mansoni in the country [ 11 ]. The findings from this particular review paper suggested the use of integrated strategies such as snail control, proper health education, access to toilet services, and proper environmental sanitation together with the ongoing MDA program.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Parasitological studies showed that the prevalence of S . mansoni is ranged from 10% to 92% in Ethiopia [ 8 – 11 ]. The prevalence of S .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Ethiopian government launched nationwide mass drug administration (MDA) program in 2015 to reduce the burden of soil-transmitted helminths and schistosomiasis from schoolchildren. The program brings a significant impact on the reduction of schistosomiasis in the country [ 11 , 13 , 14 ]. However, the effect of MDA varied from study to study depending on various factors such as nature of study population, level of environmental sanitation, availability of snail intermediate host and level of awareness of the community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence, intensity and associated risk factors of Schistosoma mansoni infections among schoolchildren around Lake Tana, northwestern Ethiopia

et al. 2021

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Background Schistosomiasis is one of the widely distributed neglected tropical diseases. It is a serious public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa. The disease is highly prevalent and widely distributed in Ethiopia due to suitable environmental factors and human activities. The prevalence and infection intensity varied from locality to locality in the country. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and intensity of S. mansoni infection and associated risk factors among schoolchildren around Lake Tana. Methods A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 710 schoolchildren from February to April 2021 in eight selected primary schools around Lake Tana. A questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic information and potential risk factors of S. mansoni infection. After collecting socio-demographic information, students were requested to bring about 2grams of stool specimens for parasitological examination. The collected stool samples were processed using a single Kato-Katz and Ritchie’s concentration techniques. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23 and factors with a p-value < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results The overall prevalence of S. mansoni was 34.9% (95% CI: 31.4–38.7) among schoolchildren in the study area. The eggs per gram (EPG) of stool ranged from 24 to 1659 with arithmetic and geometric mean values of 138.1 EPG and 85.1 EPG, respectively. The majority of S. mansoni infections (61.4%) were classified as low infection intensity. Among the different determinant factors being male (AOR = 1.74; 95%CI = 1.233–2.457; P-value = 0.002), bathing habits (AOR = 1.494; 95%CI = 1.013–2.199; P-value = 0.043) and students attending at Qunzela primary school (AOR = 10.545; 95%CI = 3.264–34.067; P-value = 0.001), Alabo primary school (AOR = 3.386; 95%CI = 1.084–10.572; P-value = 0.036) were significantly associated with S. mansoni infection. Conclusion This study revealed that more than one-third of schoolchildren were infected by S. mansoni in the study area. The majority of the infections were classified as low infection intensity. Being male, bathing habits and schools in which students attended were independent explanatory factors for S. mansoni infection. Therefore, integrated control strategies are needed to improve the health conditions of schoolchildren in the study area.

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“…The infection prevalence of Biomphalaria snails with S. mansoni varied from 3 19 to 58% 20 in Ethiopia. Our previous review showed that about 15% of Biomphalaria snails of Ethiopia were positive for S. mansoni cercariae 21 . However, the infection status of Biomphalaria snails around Lake Tana has not been investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and seasonal abundance of Biomphalaria snails and their infection status with Schistosoma mansoni in and around Lake Tana, northwest Ethiopia

Hailegebriel

Nibret

Munshea

2022

Sci Rep

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Biomphalaria snails, namely B. pfeifferi and B. sudanica, are the principal intermediate hosts for Schistosoma mansoni infection in Ethiopia. Epidemiological studies of Biomphalaria snails and their infection status with S. mansoni is vital for public health planning. This study aimed to assess the spatial and seasonal abundance of Biomphalaria snails as well as their infection status with S. mansoni around Lake Tana, northwest Ethiopia. Malacological survey was conducted from January 2021 to December 2021 in ten different collection sites in and around Lake Tana. Snail collection was performed for 20 min from each collection site seasonally (four times in a year) using a standard scoop and handpicking from aquatic vegetation. All collected snails were carefully examined based on their morphological features and all live Biomphalaria snails were subjected to cercariae shedding experiment. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the prevalence of S. mansoni infection and its relationship with snail collection sites and seasons. A total of 3886 freshwater snails were collected from ten collection sites around Lake Tana. Out of the total snails collected, 1606 (41.3%; 95% CI 39.77–42.89%) were Biomphalaria spp. The highest (374) and the lowest numbers (98) of Biomphalaria snails were collected from Shinne River and Qunzela Lakeshore, respectively. Out of the 1375 live Biomphalaria snails, 14.4% (95% CI 12.59–16.37%) snails shed cercariae, but only 4.87% (95% CI 3.79–6.15%) were cercariae of S. mansoni. The infection prevalence of S. mansoni ranged from 10.59% at the Cherechera site to 1.49% at Gumara River. Biomphalaria snail infections with S. mansoni cercariae were observed throughout the season, the highest and the lowest infection rates being in the spring and summer seasons. Significant differences in the prevalence of S. mansoni infection in Biomphalaria snails were observed across study sites and seasons (p < 0.05). Biomphalaria snails were the most abundant freshwater snails found in nearly all of snail collection sites throughout the year. It was revealed that nearly five percent of Biomphalaria snails were infected with S. mansoni cercariae. This study highlights the importance of appropriate snail control strategies to support the ongoing prevention and control of schistosomiasis around Lake Tana.

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Prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni and Associated Risk Factors in Human and Biomphalaria Snails in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Cited by 7 publications

References 106 publications

Schistosoma mansoni Epidemiology Among Snails, Rodents and Children: A One Health Approach

Schistosoma mansoni Epidemiology Among Snails, Rodents and Children: A One Health Approach

Prevalence, intensity and associated risk factors of Schistosoma mansoni infections among schoolchildren around Lake Tana, northwestern Ethiopia

Distribution and seasonal abundance of Biomphalaria snails and their infection status with Schistosoma mansoni in and around Lake Tana, northwest Ethiopia

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