Prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss among patients of diabetes mellitus in Southern Punjab, Pakistan

Abstract

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a common metabolic disorder with a prevalence of 11.77%. Studies report that DM can result in Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). A high prevalence of Hearing loss (HL) (43.6%) in diabetics was noted in an Indian study. In absence of local studies and a high expected prevalence, with no screening recommendations, this study was carried out to determine the prevalence of Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL) in Diabetes Mellitus DM in Southern Punjab.
 Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, a sample of 310 diabetics, hailing from southern Punjab and fulfilling selection criteria were recruited. Samples were collected using probability sampling technique from September 2016 to December 2016. Following detailed history and examination, cases were subjected to pure tone audiometry (PTA) at 0.5 to 6 KHz to obtain hearing thresholds to determine the prevalence. Data was analyzed by SPSS 20.
 Results: Sample included N=310 diabetics with Mean age of 35.00 + 6.93 years with 58.39% males and 41.61% females. The prevalence of HL was 46.1%. Gender wise of the male population with HL, 27.97% and 28.67% had mild and moderate HL respectively with severe HL in 8.39% cases, while moderate HL was prevalent in females 20.98%, followed by mild HL in 9.97% and severe HL in 4.20%. There was significant correlation between Diabetes and SNHL with p-value < 0.05.
 Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss in Diabetes mellitus.

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Sensorineural Hearing Impairment Among Patients with T2DM in Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022: A Multi-Centered Cross-Sectional Study

“…In the current study, the overall magnitude of SNHI among the participants was 50.49% (95% CI; 45.69%, 55.26%). It was consistent with studies conducted in Australia 50%, 22 Pakistan 46.1%, 23 Switzerland 46.9%, 11 Taiwan 47%, 24 Saudi Arabia 49%, 25 South Africa 55%, 26 and Egypt 51.3%. 27 The consistency in study design and participant characteristics may account for the observed trend.…”

“…The current study revealed that as age increased, the opportunity of developing SNHI also increased. This was substantiated by research conducted in Pakistan, 23 the USA, 41 Korea, 42 Iran, 43 Japan, 44 China, 45 Jammu, 46 India, 30 and North India. 31 This may be the result of vascular insufficiency, decreased mitochondrial activity, and increased ROS generation with aging.…”

A Hospital based study on sudden sensorineural Hearing Loss: It’s audiological characteristics and prevalence

“… 12 An interesting finding noted by Yen YC et al was a threefold higher incidence in chronic otitis media cases. 13 Also a higher incidence (1.3 fold) of SSNHL has also been reported in cases with cardiac rhythm disorders, 14 Diabetes Mellitus, 15 and hypo and hyperthyroidism. 16 Here it must be kept in mind that identification of etiology is also related to the investigative facilities available and being used, which might result in difference in the frequency of different etiologies being reported from different centers.…”

Sensorineural hearing loss among type 2 diabetic patients and its association with peripheral neuropathy: a cross-sectional study from a lower middle-income country

“…Jinnah Sindh Medical University issued the institutional review approval (Ref: JSMU/IRB/2021/–441). A study from Southern Punjab18 reported the prevalence of HL among diabetic patients to be 46.1%. Using this as the anticipated frequency at a 95% CI and p<0.05, a sample size of 382 was calculated through the OpenEpi calculator.…”