Prevalence of serological markers for hepatitis and potential associated factors in patients with diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Objective:to estimate the prevalence of serological markers for hepatitis B and C in patients with diabetes mellitus and analyze potential associated factors. Method:a cross-sectional study with 255 patients with diabetes mellitus. Demographic, clinical, and risk behavior factors for hepatitis B and C were selected. The markers HBsAg, Anti-HBc IgG, Anti-HBc IgM, Anti-HBs, and Anti-HCV were investigated. A questionnaire and venous blood collection and inferential statistical analysis were used. Results:16.8% of the patients had a total reactive Anti-HBc marker, 8.2% an isolated Anti-HBs, and 75% were non-reactive for all hepatitis B markers. No case of reactive HBsAg was found and 3.3% of the patients had a reactive anti-HCV marker. The prevalence of prior hepatitis B virus infection was directly associated with the time of diabetes mellitus and the prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection was not associated with the investigated variables. The prevalence of hepatitis B and C infection in patients with diabetes mellitus was higher when compared to the national, with values of 16.8% and 3.3%, respectively. Conclusion:the results suggest that patients with diabetes are a population of higher vulnerability to hepatitis B and C, leading to the adoption of preventive measures of their occurrence.

Molecular evaluation of hepatitis B virus infection and predominant mutations of pre-core, basal core promoter and S regions in an Iranian population with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case–control study

“…The seroprevalence of 3.8% for HBsAg reported in this study is higher than those observed among diabetic patients in Italy (1.63%) [ 31 ], the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (2.13%) [ 32 ], and Ethiopia (3.7%) [ 33 ] but lower than those reported among diabetic patients in China (13.5%) [ 34 ] and Taiwan (13.54%) [ 35 ]. Moreover, the seroprevalence of 12.82% for HBcAb observed in this study is higher than that reported among diabetic patients in the United States (8.2%) [ 36 ] but lower than those reported among diabetic patients in Brazil (16.8%) [ 37 ] and China (62.3%) [ 34 ]. Differences in immunization status, risk factors, the burden of HBV infection in the general population, the levels of safety measures in public health centers, preventive strategies, and risk of exposure to HBV in different regions as well as differences in the sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic methods, study period, sociodemographic characteristics of the study population and number of participants in different studies might explain these variations in the seroprevalence of HBV infection in different parts of the world.…”

Analysis of space and epidemiological distribution of hepatitis b and c cases in municipaly maranhão / Análise da distribuição espacial e epidemiológica dos casos de hepatite b e c em município maranhense

“…Hepatitis B and C are more concentrated in the southern and southeastern regions, making their predominance in the white race; however, in more focused studies, especially those in the north and northeast, a higher number of cases can be observed in the brown and/or black race, which prevail in these regions. 3,[13][14][15] As for the age group, it is observed that people aged 30 to 39 years and 50 to 59 years had lower chances of presenting the Total Anti-HBc antigen. It is thus implied that people in the age group of 15 to 29 years have higher chances of presenting the Total Anti-HBc antigen.…”

“…However, other studies identify the Total Anti-HBc antigen more present in age groups from 30 to 39 years, contradicting the findings of this study. [15][16] This phenomenon is explained by the fact that the hepatitis B vaccine was introduced in the vaccination schedule only after 1998, making the age profile important in the investigation of cases with positive markers. 15 As for the presence of the Total Anti-HBc antigen and hepatitis B vaccination, it was observed that people who did not receive hepatitis B vaccination had a higher chance of presenting the antigen than those who were vaccinated, Table 2.…”

“…[15][16] This phenomenon is explained by the fact that the hepatitis B vaccine was introduced in the vaccination schedule only after 1998, making the age profile important in the investigation of cases with positive markers. 15 As for the presence of the Total Anti-HBc antigen and hepatitis B vaccination, it was observed that people who did not receive hepatitis B vaccination had a higher chance of presenting the antigen than those who were vaccinated, Table 2. It is known that besides the use of condoms and not sharing syringes and other perforating objects, vaccination is the most efficient and safest way to prevent hepatitis B.…”

Seroprotection Status of Hepatitis B Vaccine in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

“…Type 1 diabetes mellitus has been associated with increased rates of infections [3] . Patients with T1DM are more vulnerable to HBV infection compared to the normal population [4] . It has been shown that T1DM had distinct effects on the immune system, involving both the humoral and cellular responses, which results in a less optimal reaction to vaccines compared to healthy controls [5,6] .…”