Prevalence of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli as Detected by Enzyme-Linked Immunoassays and Real-Time PCR during the Summer Months in Northern Alberta, Canada

Chui, Linda; Lee, Mao-Cheng; Malejczyk, Kathy; Lim, Lillian; Fok, Daniel; Kwong, Pauline

doi:10.1128/jcm.05211-11

Cited by 36 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A similar analytical sensitivity of 10 6 CFU/ml for Premier EHEC was previously reported by Willford et al in a study that evaluated three commercially available EIA kits for the detection of STEC (28). The difference of 4 log 10 units between the nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) and EIA is also concordant with results obtained previously by Chui et al (29). However, in the latter study, the performance of the EIA in detecting Shiga toxin in stool samples was similar to that of PCR: it missed only 2 of the 21 positive specimens.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

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Comparison of Three Different Methods for Detection of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli in a Tertiary Pediatric Care Center

2013

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Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is a well-known cause of sporadic and epidemic food-borne gastroenteritis. A low infectious dose, approximately 10 microorganisms, is sufficient to cause disease that may lead to hemolytic-uremic syndrome. The objective of this study was to compare the performances of an in-house real-time PCR, a commercial enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (Premier EHEC; Meridian Bioscience), and culture on sorbitol MacConkey agar for the detection of STEC in a tertiary care pediatric hospital. Of 632 stool samples tested, 21 were positive for STEC. All were detected by PCR, 6 were detected by EIA, and only 5 O157 STEC isolates were identified by culture. Among the 15 specimens falsely negative by EIA, there were 9 Stx1, 2 Stx2, and 4 Stx1 and Stx2 STEC isolates. The latter group included 2 O157 STEC isolates that would have been missed if only EIA had been performed. To our knowledge, this is the first prospective study performed in a pediatric hospital which demonstrates the superiority of PCR over EIA for the detection of STEC. We conclude that PCR is specific and more sensitive than EIA. PCR should be considered for routine use in clinical settings where molecular detection facilities are available. Its lower limit of detection, equivalent to the infectious dose, is an obvious advantage for patient care and public health surveillance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…In our study, 16 STEC strains were isolated from 8 patients. The difficulty in recovering STEC strains was previously reported by different authors (27,29,36). This may be explained by the freeze-and-thaw effect killing or inhibiting the growth of pathogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Comparison of Three Different Methods for Detection of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli in a Tertiary Pediatric Care Center

2013

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“…Another reason for the low prevalence of VTEC may be the difficulty of recovering these isolates, which has already been reported by several authors (Chui et al, 2010(Chui et al, , 2011Pulz et al, 2003). Another hypothesis is a low pathogen's inoculum size, hindering the growth on an agar plate (Vallières et al, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Survey of verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli and faecal coliforms in beef carcasses destined for export at slaughterhouses in Brazil

et al. 2017

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This study investigated the presence of generic and verotoxin-producing E. coli as well as enumerated faecal coliforms in 30 beef carcasses in different parts of the slaughter process (after skinning, washing and cooling) at each of three slaughterhouses of the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Among the total number of carcasses examined (n = 90), 39 (43.3%) had generic E. coli. Among the 270 samples analysed, 25 (9.3%) were positive after skinning, 14 (5.2%) were positive after washing and nine (3.3%) were positive after cooling. The majority of isolates of E. coli was collected from samples after skinning, which is considered a critical point of the microbial contamination of carcasses. However, the highest concentration of faecal coliforms was found after the washing step. The cooling step proved to be important to reducing the amount of hygiene-indicator microorganisms. The E. coli isolates had no stx1 or stx2 genes associated with virulence.

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“…An alternative approach was used for estimating VTEC non-O157 cases, which is not routinely identified and reported in Canada. For VTEC non-O157 cases, a ratio (1 VTEC O157:1·6 VTEC non-O157, based on literature [43]), relative to the estimate of VTEC O157 cases was used [28,30]. The methods for estimating the number of domestically acquired foodborne hospitalizations and deaths are described in detail elsewhere [30].…”

Section: Estimating Total Illnesses Hospitalizations and Deathsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimates of the burden of illness for eight enteric pathogens associated with animal contact in Canada

et al. 2017

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SUMMARYEnteric pathogens are commonly known to be transmitted through food or water; however, contact with animals is another important transmission route. This study estimated the annual burden of illness attributable to animal contact for eight enteric pathogens in Canada. Using data from a Canadian expert elicitation on transmission routes, the proportion of enteric illnesses attributable to animal contact was estimated for each pathogen to estimate the annual number of illnesses, hospitalizations and deaths in Canada. For each estimate, a mean and probability intervals were generated. Of all illnesses caused by these eight pathogens, 16% were estimated attributable to animal contact. This estimate translates to 86 000 (31 000-166 000) illnesses, 488 (186-890) hospitalizations and 12 (2-28) deaths annually for the eight pathogens combined. Campylobacter spp. is the leading cause of illnesses annually, with an estimated 38 000 (14 000-71 000) illnesses occurring each year, followed by non-typhoidal Salmonella spp. (17 000, 6000-32 000). The majority of hospitalizations were attributable to non-typhoidal Salmonella spp. (36%) and Campylobacter spp. (31%). Non-typhoidal Salmonella spp. (28%) and Listeria monocytogenes (31%) were responsible for the majority of the estimated deaths. These results identify farm animal and pet/pet food exposure as key pathways of transmission for several pathogens. The estimated burden of illness associated with animal contact is substantial.

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Prevalence of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli as Detected by Enzyme-Linked Immunoassays and Real-Time PCR during the Summer Months in Northern Alberta, Canada

Cited by 36 publications

References 8 publications

Comparison of Three Different Methods for Detection of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli in a Tertiary Pediatric Care Center

Comparison of Three Different Methods for Detection of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli in a Tertiary Pediatric Care Center

Survey of verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli and faecal coliforms in beef carcasses destined for export at slaughterhouses in Brazil

Estimates of the burden of illness for eight enteric pathogens associated with animal contact in Canada

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