Prevalence of Six Sexually Transmitted Disease Agents Among Pregnant Inner-City Adolescents and Pregnancy Outcome

Hardy, Paul H.; Hardy, Janet B.; Nell, E. Ellen; Graham, D; Spence, Michael R.; Rosenbaum, RonaC.

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)48939-7

Cited by 27 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…In that study, the incidence of this complication at term was 27.5% in women with T. vaginalis infection versus 12.8% in those without (P Ͻ 0.03) (75). In another study of pregnant adolescents, T. vaginalis was independently associated with prematurity and low birth weight (36). VOL.…”

Section: Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Trichomoniasis

2004

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Trichomoniasis is perhaps the most common curable sexually transmitted disease worldwide, yet few resources are devoted to its control. It is associated with potentially serious complications such as preterm birth and human immunodeficiency virus acquisition and transmission. The immunology of a related organism, Tritrichomonas foetus, which causes disease in cattle, has been investigated to some extent, but more work is needed for the human strain, Trichomonas vaginalis. In addition, although trichomoniasis is easily treated with oral metronidazole, there is concern that the number of strains resistant to this antibiotic are increasing, and currently no alternative is licensed in the United States. As more is appreciated concerning the important public health implications of this common infection, more work will need to be done in understanding the diagnosis, treatment, and immunology of this organism

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Section: Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Trichomoniasis

2004

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“…Much higher incidence (37%, 25.8%) was reported in a study group, which comprised of high-risk population. 13,15 Low incidence (13.2%) reported by Grossman 16 from a high risk population of pregnant women is reported to be due to the increased transportation time (4 days) that was taken before the samples were processed and this had led to a loss of infectious particles/antigens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlamydia trachomatisantigen detection in pregnancy and its verification by antibody blocking assay

Malenie

Mathur

2006

Indian J Med Microbiol

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Purpose: To detect the prevalence of genital infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis in pregnant women and also to confirm the positive results using blocking antibody assay. Methods: Endocervical specimens were collected from 200 symptomatic and asymptomatic pregnant women attending the ANC OPD at M P Shah Medical College, Jamnagar. The samples were tested for presence of Chlamydia trachomatis antigen using the monoclonal antibody. Blocking antibody assay was used to further verify the positive results. Results: Out of 200 pregnant women, 38 (19%) were found positive for Chlamydia trachomatis antigen. Out of the 68 symptomatic patients, C. trachomatis antigen was detected in 26.4%. After verification of the positive samples 13.6% of the asymptomatic pregnant women were found to be harbouring the infection in their genital tract. Two (5.2%) out of the 38 positive samples, on verification with the blocking antibody assay, were found to be false positive by IDEIA, TM thus the specificity of the IDEIA TM being 94.8%. In patients with previous history of abortions, 27.7% were tested positive for C. trachomatis infection. Conclusions: Significant number of pregnant women shad C. trachomatis antigen in their endocervical canal, which can be easily diagnosed by this simple enzyme immuno assay having a specificity of 94.8%. Verification of positive results by antibody blocking assay can further improve the specificity of this non-culture test. Asymptomatic patients should also be screened for the infection. History of previous abortions places the patient at a higher risk for C. trachomatis infection thus such patients should be definitely tested for chlamydia infection. Key words: Chlamydia trachomatis, antigen, blocking antibody, pregnancyC. trachomatis infection, a prevalent sexually transmitted proved a definite role of C. trachomatis infection in adverse disease, is associated with complications like ectopic pregnancy outcome. [1][2][3][4] If not treated on time their newborns pregnancy, fallopian tube block and adverse pregnancy run a 20-40% risk of developing chlamydial conjunctivitis [7][8][9] outcome. [1][2][3][4] In majority of the women the infection with this and a 10-20% risk of developing chlamydial pneumonia. 7,9,10 organism is asymptomatic or with minimal symptoms. Studies from India have reported that 15% of young Therefore, screening of women at risk is highly recommended. asymptomatic women are positive for this infection. 11 In this study, an effort was made to detect C. trachomatis antigen Women at highest risk often have the least access to health from the endocervical specimens of the pregnant women and care facilities. Therefore there is a need for a rapid, simple and to verify the positive results with the antibody blocking assay accurate test to detect C. trachomatis infection, which can so as to achieve the most accurate results. be performed outside the laboratory setting when the patient is still in the clinical setting. Materials and Methods Detection of C. trachomatis infection b...

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“…The new membrane flow OSOM assay from Genzyme is thought to have excellent sensitivity and specificity, with limited skill required to process and interpret the test, but the test is available for use only on female specimens and may be cost-prohibitive (11). In spite of this, levels of infection have typically been high, with reported overall prevalences ranging from 3% to 58% and an unweighted average across studies of 19.6% (4,6,7,10,15,18,20,24,33,37,60,62,64,69,70,77,90,92,95,99,108). Table 1 lists published reports on the occurrence of T. vaginalis infection among women conducted among U.S. populations from 1964 through 2007.…”

Section: Data On the Prevalence Of T Vaginalis Among Us Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Issues and Considerations Regarding Trichomoniasis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus in African-Americans

2009

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SUMMARY Trichomonas vaginalis has long been recognized as one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections. However, it is only in recent years that it has been appreciated that Trichomonas may play a critical role in amplifying human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. Given the evidence that T. vaginalis likely promotes HIV infection, the apparent high level of Trichomonas infection in the African-American community is cause for concern. Even if T. vaginalis increases the risk of HIV transmission by a small or modest amount, it translates into a sizable population effect since Trichomonas is so common in this community. Therefore, control of trichomoniasis may represent an important avenue of control for the prevention of HIV transmission, particularly among African-Americans.

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Prevalence of Six Sexually Transmitted Disease Agents Among Pregnant Inner-City Adolescents and Pregnancy Outcome

Cited by 27 publications

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Trichomoniasis

Trichomoniasis

Chlamydia trachomatisantigen detection in pregnancy and its verification by antibody blocking assay

Current Issues and Considerations Regarding Trichomoniasis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus in African-Americans

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