Prevalence of Six Sexually Transmitted Disease Agents Among Pregnant Inner-City Adolescents and Pregnancy Outcome

Hardy, PaulH.; Nell, E. Ellen; Spence, MichaelR.; Hardy, Janet B.; Graham, D; Rosenbaum, RonaC.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(84)92698-9

Cited by 202 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Other investigators have reported a narrower range between 18% and 38% [9][10][11][12]. However, in all studies, Candida colonization rates appear to be significantly higher in gravid women.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Vaginal Candida Infection In Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 60%

Candida vulvovaginitis in pregnancy

Sobel

2004

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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In the absence of epidemiologic studies over many decades, there are scant data on the prevalence and natural history of vaginal colonization and symptomatic Candida infections in pregnant women. The hormonal mileau of the vagina during pregnancy undoubtedly enhances Candida colonization and serves as a risk factor for symptomatic expression; however, the frequency, clinical manifestation, and response to therapy is largely based on empiric diagnosis of unsubstantiated disease. For reasons of liability, pregnant women have been largely excluded from controlled clinical treatment studies by the pharmaceutical industry; accordingly, treatment guidelines are dictated by opinions rather than data. As in nongravid women, management of symptomatic pregnant women should be based on confirmed diagnosis and not clinical impression.

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Section: Epidemiology Of Vaginal Candida Infection In Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 60%

Candida vulvovaginitis in pregnancy

Sobel

2004

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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“…Several studies of pregnant women have shown that up to 37% carry C. trachomatis in the endocervix, mostly without showing any symptoms [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Moreover, some studies have indicated that some adverse obstetric outcomes, such as preterm labour, preterm rupture of membranes (PROM), spontaneous abortion, foetal death, delayed postpartum endometritis, salpingitis, and risks to the neonate such as low birthweight infants, pneumonia, otitis media, conjunctivitis and/or gastroenteritis, may be related to genital C. trachomatis infection [5,[11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-dose azithromycin versus erythromycin or amoxicillin for Chlamydia trachomatis infection during pregnancy: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Pitsouni

Iavazzo

Athanasiou

et al. 2007

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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“…16 Studies conducted in a number of high and low sexually transmitted disease (STD) prevalence settings have documented high rates of coinfection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) (range, 9 -67%) 17-21 and with Trichomonas vaginalis (TV). [22][23][24] Alternatively, diagnostic testing can be used with subsequent treatment of any additional infections. Epidemiologic partner treatment is generally safe and cost-effective because sexual partners have a high likelihood of infection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%