Prevalence of Sleep Related Symptoms in Four Latin American Cities

Abstract

SciEnTiFic invESTigATiOnSStudy Objectives: to estimate the prevalence of the most common sleep related symptoms (SRS) in the metropolitan areas of Mexico City, Montevideo (Uruguay), Santiago (Chile), and Caracas (Venezuela). Methods: The study consisted of a multistage cluster sampling of adults aged ≥ 40 years living in metropolitan areas. All participants completed a questionnaire on sleep related symptoms. Simplified respiratory polygraphy during sleep was conducted on 188 subjects from Mexico City. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome was defined as Epworth Sleepiness Scale score ≥ 11 and respiratory disturbance index (RDI) ≥ 15 events/h; a cut-off of 15 was chosen because of its high sensitivity and specificity in association with the portable monitor used in the study. Results:The study included 4,533 subjects (1,062 in Mexico City, 941 in Montevideo, 1,173 in Santiago, and 1,357 in Caracas). Snoring was reported by 60.2% (95% CI 58.8% to 61.6%), excessive daytime sleepiness by 16.4% (15.3% to 17.5%), observed apneas by 12.3% (11.4% to 13.3%), insomnia by 34.7% (33.3% to 36%), sedative use by 15.1% (14.1% to 16.2%), daytime napping by 29.2% (27.7% to 30.6%), and a combination of snoring, sleepiness, and observed apneas by 3.4% (2.9% to 4%). Men had a higher frequency of snoring and daytime napping, whereas women reported more insomnia and sedative use. Prevalence of OSAS varied from 2.9% among subjects who denied snoring, excessive daytime sleepiness, and observed apneas, to 23.5% among those reporting these 3 symptoms. conclusions: A high prevalence of sleep related symptoms and undiagnosed obstructive sleep apnea in Latin America was observed.

Prevalence of sleep disorders in the Turkish adult population epidemiology of sleep study

“…Insomnia has been reported in a wide range of figures between 5.2% and 66.4% in previous community‐based studies from different parts of the world. Different definitions have been used in these studies, which make comparison of the findings difficult.…”

“…These consequences have substantial implications in both clinical practice and health economics, which are essential for planning and implementation of public health policies. Questionnaire‐based population studies have suggested high prevalence rates of sleep disorders . However, there have been substantial differences in findings depending on the sample characteristics, definitions and/or methodology used as well as differences in regional perceptions and management practices.…”

“…Interestingly, among individuals with a history of insomnia, the rate of reporting insomnia symptoms to physicians was generally low and of those who did consult a physician, few were prescribed any medication, reflecting a low awareness in this context . In a large‐scale, global cross‐sectional survey conducted among 35,327 individuals in 10 countries on International Sleep Well Day (21 March 2002), based on the questionnaires, 24% of the subjects reported that they did not sleep well, 31.6% had insomnia and 11.6% were found to be “very sleepy” or “dangerously sleepy” during the day …”

Duración subóptima del sueño y fenotipo circadiano en mujeres adultas residentes de Valencia, Venezuela atendidas en jornadas de salud. Perfil cardiometabólico asociado

“…En un intento por aportar datos, Querales et al (11) informaron que la insuficiencia de sueño (registrada como 14 o más días de sueño o descanso insuficiente en el último mes) fue frecuente en un grupo de 85 mujeres adultas del estado Carabobo, Venezuela; además, la insuficiencia del sueño se encontró asociada significativamente a edad mayor de 40 años, exceso de peso, obesidad central, hipertrigliceridemia, relación colesterol total/HDLc elevada, relación triglicéridos/HDLc elevada y mayor riesgo de SM. Por su parte, al estudiarse la prevalencia de síntomas relacionados con el sueño en cuatro ciudades latinoamericanas (Ciudad de México, Montevideo, Santiago de Chile y Caracas) se encontró que los ronquidos, el insomnio y la somnolencia diurna mostraron frecuencias de 60,2 %, 34,7 % y 16,4 %, respectivamente (12) ; dicho trabajo no estuvo dirigido a demostrar asociaciones entre los síntomas estudiados y el RCM.…”

Pharyngeal airway evaluation after isolated mandibular setback surgery using cone-beam computed tomography

“…[12][13][14][15][16] Approximately 1 in 5 adults has at least mild OSA, and 1 in 15 adults has OSA of moderate or worse severity. 12,17,18 Initial research performed to evaluate the effect of mandibular setback surgeries on the pharyngeal airway space have been evaluated with lateral cephalograms. 7,[19][20][21][22][23][24] The limitations of a lateral cephalogram are that it is a static, 2-dimensional image that does not adequately represent the 3-dimensional volumetric (CBCT) has been used to evaluate the airway changes 3 dimensionally.…”