Prevalence of small for gestational age (SGA) and short stature in children born SGA who qualify for growth hormone treatment at 3 years of age: Population‐based study

Fujita, Kaori; Nagasaka, Miwako; Iwatani, Sota; Koda, Tsubasa; Kurokawa, Daisuke; Yamana, Kazunari; Nishida, Kosuke; Taniguchi‐Ikeda, Mariko; Uchino, Eiko; Shirai, Chika; Iijima, Kazumoto; Morioka, Ichiro

doi:10.1111/ped.12859

Cited by 27 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…However, the majority of the above-mentioned reports do not completely list birth weight, height, or gestational age, making it difficult to confirm whether the patients were truly SGA or not. Taking into consideration that the incidence of SGA in the general population is 2.3–10% ( 11 , 12 , 13 ), we suspect that SGA is a characteristic feature of ACRDYS. Accumulating more precise data should clarify whether the prevalence of SGA is increased in ACRDYS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Endocrinological and phenotype evaluation in a patient with acrodysostosis

Ueyama

Namba

Kitaoka

et al. 2017

Clin Pediatr Endocrinol

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Abstract.Acrodysostosis is characterized by distinctive facial features and severe brachydactyly. Mutations in PRKAR1A or PDE4D are known to be responsible for this disease. Cases of hormonal resistance have been reported, particularly in patients with PRKAR1A mutations. The physical characteristics and endocrine function of pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ia is known to resemble acrodysostosis. We report the case of a 4-yr-old patient with a PRKAR1A mutation. He had characteristic facies with an upturned nose and cone-shaped epiphyses of most phalanges. These findings have not been reported as extensive for cases of pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ia. He also had TSH resistance from birth. We performed endocrinological stimulation tests to further evaluate his endocrine status. These examinations revealed resistance to TSH and PTH, but there was normal secretion of ACTH, GH, and cortisol. An Ellsworth-Howard test resulted in normal urinary cAMP excretion. This response differs from that of pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ia. In summary, the constellation of an upturned nose, cone-shaped epiphyses of most if not all phalanges, and PTH resistance with a normal urinary cAMP response may satisfactorily enable clinical diagnosis of acrodysostosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Endocrinological and phenotype evaluation in a patient with acrodysostosis

Ueyama

Namba

Kitaoka

et al. 2017

Clin Pediatr Endocrinol

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“…A Japanese study on children born between 2006 and 2008 found the SGA prevalence to be 3.5%. [6] The increasing prevalence of term newborns less than 2400gr was noticed in Korea, from 3.0% in 1995 to 4.6% in 2007. [7] A Swedish study reported 5.4% SGA, [8] while the highest observed prevalence was observed in South Asia and in Saharan countries of Africa.…”

Section: Growth Hormone Treatment In Children Born Small For Gestatiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth Hormone Treatment in Children Born Small for Gestational Age (SGA)

Janchevska

Krstevska-Konstantinova

Tasić

et al. 2018

Prilozi

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Introduction: Growth failure is a common consequence in small for gestational age (SGA) children. Patients and Methods: The growth patterns and serum insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF1) concentrations before and after the 1st year under growth hormone treatment of 32 short stature SGA born children have been evaluated. In addition, we investigated the insulin like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) exon 2 as a hotspot for IGF1R genetic alterations. It is of note that no dysmorphic features were observed in this group of children. Results: The tests for pituitary reserve were within normal ranges for all 32 patients. Growth hormone (GH) treatment (0.037 mg/kg/day) was initiated at the mean age of 9.32±3.19 years. Growth velocity increased yearly from −1.80 SDS after the first year to −0.03 SDS in the sixth year of treatment. Their IGF1 serum concentrations before treatment were age and sex appropriate, while during treatment a significant increase was observed fitting in the upper third of the normal range: before the treatment IGF1 SDS was 0.84±1.78 after 1st year the concentrations increased to IGF1 SDS 0.94±2.23. No genetic alterations were found in the IGF1R exon 2 by PCR analysis. Conclusions: Herein we present 32 short stature SGA children with no dysmorphic features treated with GH. They all had increased growth velocity and entered the normal growth range on their growth charts. No side-effects were observed. GH treatment in children with no genetic alterations on the IGF1R exon 2 is safe and efficient in treating SGA children with short stature.

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“…Fujita et al reported that the incidence of severe SGA (birthweight less than À2 standard deviations (SD) for gestational age) was 1.2% in their population-based study conducted in Kobe. 2 Fujioka et al reported that infants with severe SGA have abnormal placental DNA methylation, which suggested of disturbed epigenetic control in utero. 3 These findings suggest that severe SGA is more frequently complicated by hypospadias.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%