Prevalence of smoking in adults with chronic pain

Abstract

IntroductionCigarette smoking is common among adults with chronic pain. The primary objective of this study was to determine the period prevalence of smoking in patients with chronic pain. A secondary objective was to determine the prevalence of smoking among patients with commonly occurring pain diagnoses including fibromyalgia, low back pain, and headache.MethodsThis population study included 5350 patients (1256 smokers, 4094 nonsmokers) admitted to the Mayo Comprehensive Pain Rehabilitation Center from January 1998 through December 2012. Smoking status was determined using a self-report questionnaire.ResultsDuring the 15 year study period, the overall prevalence of smoking was 23.5 % (95 % CI 22.4 – 24.6). The prevalence of smoking in 2000, 2005, and 2010 was 24.2, 25.7, and 28.3 % respectively. The overall prevalence of smoking in patients with fibromyalgia, low back pain, and headache was 25.2 % (95 % CI 22.8 – 28.3), 22.8 % (95 % CI 21.3 – 25.9), and 21.2 % (95 % CI 17.9 – 24.7), respectively. In a multiple variable logistic model adjusted for age and sex, opioid use was significantly associated with status as a current smoker.ConclusionThe prevalence of smoking in patients with chronic pain has not declined when compared to the general population. The higher prevalence of smoking was consistently observed in commonly occurring pain diagnoses including fibromyalgia, back pain, and headache. Further research is needed to identify the potential factors that contribute to the high prevalence of smoking in this patient population.

Sleep Quality, Quality of Life and Insomnia Among Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain Compared to Normal Individuals

“…It agrees with the study of Bentson (Orhurhu, Pittelkow, & Hooten 2015). Both physical and emotional scores were affected.…”

“…However, it is claimed that patients with low back pain had higher prevalence of cigarette smoking when compared with normal population (Orhurhu, Pittelkow, & Hooten 2015). The exact basis for this finding is unclear, if it is considered correct.…”

“…Both physical and emotional scores were affected. Therefore, not only physical consequences of low back pain, but also its emotional effects are involved to result in low quality of life in such patients (Orhurhu, Pittelkow, & Hooten 2015;Bentsen et al, 2008).…”

Smoking Status and Opioid-related Problems and Concerns Among Men and Women on Chronic Opioid Therapy

“…Current and former smokers who attribute fewer of these negative side effects to opioids relative to never smokers may be less motivated to complete pain treatments incorporating opioid tapering. Alternatively, although smoking prevalence in the US is declining, the rate of smoking among adults with chronic pain has not declined, 42 and smokers who seek treatment for chronic pain may face increasing smoking-related stigma, contributing to early dropout.…”

The Impact of Tobacco Cigarette Smoking on Spinal Cord Stimulation Effectiveness in Chronic Spine–Related Pain Patients

“…14 Of interest is the observation that smokers with chronic pain also have a tendency of consuming more opioids than former smokers and lifelong nonsmokers. [14][15][16] In this study, we focus primarily on the spinal cord-related chronic pain, treated using spinal cord stimulator (SCS), and the effect of smoking on the success of this treatment modality. Limited information is known about how smoking frequency and duration impact chronic spine-related pain disorders and their therapeutic options.…”