Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in Intensive care Units and Post Operative Ward as a possible source of Nosocomial infection: An experience of tertiary care hospital

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Hospital Acquired Infection (HAI) also called nosocomial infection is a global problem. It also acts as a leading cause of death and increased morbidity among hospitalized patients. Staphylococcus aureus is one of the commonest pathogens causing HAI and is also closely associated with human body. WHO study has shown highest prevalence of HAI in Intensive care unit (ICU), Neonatal care unit (NICU), Post operative ward (POW). Hence it becomes very imperative to check the prevalence of HAI. Therefore this study was carried out to determine the prevalence of S. aureus in hospital environment as a possible source for HAI. Material and Methods: Environmental samples and blood samples of the patients were collected from ICU, NICU, POW using sterile cotton swabs during study period. Standard protocol was followed to isolate and identify S. aurues which was followed by antibiotic sensitivity tests. Results: A total of 216 environmental samples were collected out of which 18.98% (41) samples showed the presence of S. aureus. It was also isolated from the blood samples of patients admitted to ICU (7.5%) and NICU (6.8%). None of the isolates from environmental samples were MRSA(methycillin resistant Staphylococcus aures). Conclusion: S. aureus was found as a prominent environmental flora of hospital setting. Presence of these organisms in sensitive units like ICU, NICU, POW and the isolation of S. aureus from clinical samples indicates a possibility of HAI. It indicates the necessity of continuous surveillance of hospital environmental for quality control. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jmcjms.v1i1.7882 Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Sciences (2013) Vol. 1 (1):21-25

Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Bacterial Isolates from Clinical Specimens of Patients Admitted in Intensive Care Unit

“…Our study shows that gram nega ve bacteria were resistant to commonly used an bio cs and were more sensi ve to colis n, polymyxin B 26 and gecycline which is similar with other studies. In this study Gram posi ve organism like Staphylococcus aureus is more sensi ve to Vancomycin that is similar to other studies27…”

The Direct Economic Disease Burden of Healthcare-associated Infections (HAIS) and Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR): A Preliminary Study in a Teaching Hospital of Nepal

“…However, there is no such study to show the level of economic loss caused by HAIs and AMR in Nepal after searching main online databases, including MEDILINE, EMBASE and PubMed. Just one unpublished study showed the overall point prevalence of HAIs in a teaching hospital of Nepal was 2.4% in 2001 without any details (11), which was much lower than that in developing countries (15.5%) reported by Allegranzi team in 2010 (3).…”