Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus toxins and nasal carriage in furuncles and impetigo

Durupt, F.; Mayor, L.; Bes, Michèle; Reverdy, Marie-Élisabeth; Vandenesch, François; Thomas, L.; Étienne, Jérôme

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08197.x

Cited by 80 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In our cohort, 85% of MSSA isolates from patients with furunculosis harbored luk-PV genes. Others have reported luk-PV gene frequencies of from 30 to 97% among isolates causing SSTIs (10,18,21,31,39). In striking contrast, the prevalence of luk-PV among colonizing S. aureus strains was below 1%, which, again, is in agreement with the findings of previous studies (22,38).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…These strains commonly cause staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome and bullous impetigo (28,43), toxin-mediated staphylococcal diseases which are associated with eta or etb in 65 to 100% of the cases (10,18,26,30,60). One such CC121 clone, characterized by ST123 and spa type t171, is notorious as the "epidemic European fusidic acid-resistant impetigo clone (EEFIC)" (27-29, 42, 44, 52).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…About 20% of the healthy population are persistent nasal S. aureus carriers (53,57). Patients suffering from chronic furunculosis are usually S. aureus carriers, and skin and nose isolates from a given patient commonly have identical characteristics (10,48,51).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of Recurrent Furunculosis with Panton-Valentine Leukocidin and the Genetic Background of Staphylococcus aureus

et al. 2010

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Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of skin and soft tissue infections, such as furuncles, carbuncles, and abscesses, but it also frequently colonizes the human skin and mucosa without causing clinical symptoms. Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is a pore-forming toxin that has been associated with soft tissue infections and necrotizing pneumonia. We have compared the genotypes, virulence gene repertoires, and phage patterns of 74 furunculosis isolates with those of 108 control strains from healthy nasal carriers. The large majority of furunculosis strains were methicillin sensitive. Clonal cluster (CC) 121 (CC121) and CC22 accounted for 70% of the furunculosis strains but for only 8% of the nasal isolates. The PVL-encoding genes luk-PV were detected in 85% of furunculosis strains, while their prevalence among colonizing S. aureus strains was below 1%. luk-PV genes were distributed over several lineages (CCs 5, 8, 22, 30, and 121 and sequence type 59). Even within the same lineages, luk-PV-positive phages characterized furunculosis strains, while their luk-PV-negative variants were frequent among nasal strains. The very tight epidemiological linkage between luk-PV and furunculosis, which could be separated from the genetic background of the S. aureus strain as well as from the gene makeup of the luk-PV-transducing phage, lends support to the notion of an important role for PVL in human furunculosis. These results make a case for the determination of luk-PV in recurrent soft tissue infections with methicillin-sensitive as well as methicillin-resistant S. aureus.Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are the most frequent type of disease caused by Staphylococcus aureus outside the hospital setting. SSTIs comprise a diverse range of clinical pictures, such as furuncles, carbuncles, subcutaneous abscesses, folliculitis, bullous impetigo, and staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (23

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of Recurrent Furunculosis with Panton-Valentine Leukocidin and the Genetic Background of Staphylococcus aureus

et al. 2010

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“…One of the toxins, Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is associated with human pyogenic necrotizing skin infections such as furuncles, cellulitis, and abscesses, and more severe septic infections such as osteomyelitis, bacteremia, purpura fulminans, and necrotizing pneumonia (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8). PVL with γ-hemolysins (HlgA/HlgB and HlgC/ HlgB) and LukE/LukD belongs to the bicomponent pore-forming leukotoxin family (9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14), which are thought to contribute to virulence in various infection models (15)(16)(17)(18), although some groups disagree (19,20).…”

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confidence: 99%

Heavy chain-only antibodies and tetravalent bispecific antibody neutralizing Staphylococcus aureus leukotoxins

Laventie

Rademaker

Saleh

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is a pore-forming toxin associated with current outbreaks of community-associated methicillin-resistant strains and implicated directly in the pathophysiology of Staphylococcus aureus-related diseases. Humanized heavy chain-only antibodies (HCAb) were generated against S. aureus PVL from immunized transgenic mice to neutralize toxin activity. The active form of PVL consists of the two components, LukS-PV and LukF-PV, which induce osmotic lysis following pore formation in host defense cells. One anti-LukS-PV HCAb, three anti-LukF-PV HCAbs with affinities in the nanomolar range, and one engineered tetravalent bispecific HCAb were tested in vitro and in vivo, and all prevented toxin binding and pore formation. Anti-LukS-PV HCAb also binds to γ-hemolysin C (HlgC) and inhibits HlgC/HlgB pore formation. Experiments in vivo in a toxin-induced rabbit endophthalmitis model showed that these HCAbs inhibit inflammatory reactions and tissue destruction, with the tetravalent bispecific HCAb performing best. Our findings show the therapeutic potential of HCAbs, and in particular, bispecific antibodies.

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“…In three Czech strains of S. aureus, the presence of lukS-PV a lukF-PV genes were determined by the National Reference Laboratory in the year 2004 and found to belong to CA-MRSA 56 . Antimicrobial resistance tests and selected methods of molecular biology demonstrated that their characteristics diff er from the multi-drug resistant HA-MRSA strains described in hospital patients 14,39,[57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70] .…”

Section: Current Knowledge Of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aumentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Knowledge of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus and Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus

Matousková¹,

Janout²

2008

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub

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Background: Bacterial strains that are oxacillin and methicillin-resistant, historically termed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are resistant to all ß-lactam agents, including cephalosporins and carbapenems. MRSA are pathogenic and have a number of virulence factors that enable them to result in disease. They are transmissible and important causes of nosocomial infections worldwide. An MRSA outbreak can occur when one strain is transmitted to other patients or through close contacts of infected persons in the community. Hospital-associated MRSA (HA-MRSA) isolates are also frequent causes of healthcare-associated bloodstream and catheter-related infections. Community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA) isolates are often only resistant to beta-lactam agents and erythromycin but they are an emerging cause of community-associated infections, ecpecially skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) and necrotizing pneumonia.Methods: Current possibilities for detecting MRSA strains in the laboratory are reviewed and discussed in the context of the recent literature.Results and Conclusion: The active surveillance and prevention of MRSA occurence and spreading in hospitals are discussed in the context of recent literature.

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Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus toxins and nasal carriage in furuncles and impetigo

Abstract: PVL is not involved in all types of furuncles but is associated with epidemic furunculosis. Both bullous and nonbullous forms of impetigo are associated with exfoliative toxins. Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage is associated with the chronicity of furuncles.

Cited by 80 publications

References 46 publications

Association of Recurrent Furunculosis with Panton-Valentine Leukocidin and the Genetic Background of Staphylococcus aureus

Association of Recurrent Furunculosis with Panton-Valentine Leukocidin and the Genetic Background of Staphylococcus aureus

Heavy chain-only antibodies and tetravalent bispecific antibody neutralizing Staphylococcus aureus leukotoxins

Current Knowledge of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus and Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus

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