Prevalence of Stroke Among Chinese, Malay, and Indian Singaporeans

Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy; Tan, Louis; Sahadevan, Suresh; Chin, Jeffery; Krishnamoorthy, Ennapadam S.; Hong, Cassandra; Saw, Seang Mei

doi:10.1161/01.str.0000155687.18818.13

Cited by 66 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…60 Elevated blood pressure is the most significant known risk factor for stroke in terms of strength of association and consistency of findings (risk of stroke in the presence of hypertension is increased 3-fold 60 ). Higher prevalence rates of hypertension have also been reported in 2 other comparative South Asian stroke studies in the United Arab Emirates and Singapore where rates were more than 70% 24,62 Although large studies in stroke are lacking, the disproportionately higher coronary heart disease mortality rates in South Asians in Britain have been related to hypertension. 63 However, mean blood pressure levels, the use of antihypertensive therapy, and secular trends in blood pressure among South Asians appear to be comparable with white European counterparts.…”

Section: Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Three studies have compared stroke prevalence between migrant South Asians and other ethnic groups. [23][24][25] The crude prevalence rates of stroke among South Asians living in India vary from 52 to 842 per 100 000 for all ages (Supplemental Table I, available online at http://stroke.ahajournals.org).…”

Section: Prevalence Of Ischemic Stroke In South Asiansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study by Venketasubrmanium et al 24 compared the prevalence of stroke among migrant South Asians when compared with Chinese and Malays and found that crude as well as age-adjusted prevalence rates were similar among all ethnic groups. The response rate of this study was only 67% and it remains unclear whether this apparent similarity between the ethnic groups depicts epidemiological reality.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Ischemic Stroke In South Asiansmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ischemic Stroke in South Asians

Gunarathne

Patel

Gammon

et al. 2009

Stroke

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Background and Purpose-Within the United Kingdom, mortality from stroke is higher among South Asians compared to European whites. The reasons for this excess cerebrovascular risk in South Asians remain unclear. The aim of this review is to present a comprehensive and systematic overview of the available literature relating to ischemic stroke among South Asian populations identifying distinct features of stroke epidemiology in this group. Summary of Review-A high frequency of lacunar strokes is a familiar pattern among South Asians, which suggests a greater prevalence of small-vessel disease in South Asians. This may be a consequence of abnormal metabolic and glycemic processes. In addition, stroke mortality among South Asians appears to be explained by glycemic status, which is an independent predictor of long-term stroke mortality. Within India, there is a perceptible rural-urban gradient in stroke prevalence, underlying the dangers of the rapid transition in socioeconomic circumstances seen across the Indian subcontinent. Conclusions-This

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Section: Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Prevalence Of Ischemic Stroke In South Asiansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Prevalence Of Ischemic Stroke In South Asiansmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ischemic Stroke in South Asians

Gunarathne

Patel

Gammon

et al. 2009

Stroke

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“…The case-fatality rate after a myocardial infarction was highest in Malays than in Chinese or Asian Indians for both short-term and longterm follow-up 8) . The stroke prevalence rate was highest among Chinese men, and lowest among Malay women 32) . Some of these ethnic differences may relate to differences in the levels of risk factors and their control in the various ethnic groups.…”

Section: Ethnic Variation and Risk Factors For Coronary Heart Diseasementioning

confidence: 89%

Trends in the Incidence and Mortality of Coronary Heart Disease in Asian Pacific Region

Khoo

Tai

2014

JAT

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The rates of coronary heart disease are lower in Asia than in developed countries. Singapore has undergone rapid urbanization over the past several decades. In the several decades between the 1960s and 1980s, a rapid increase in the rates of ischemic heart disease was observed, to the extent that Singapore exhibits one of the highest rates of mortality from cardiovascular disease in the Asia-Pacific region, higher even than the rates in North America. Rates of cardiovascular disease have now stabilized, and are declining. This is, a pattern that has been observed in many developed countries. Increased life expectancy has resulted in an epidemiologic transition that has seen chronic non-communicable diseases replace malnutrition and infections as the major causes of mortality. At the same time, there have been changes in nutrient intake and physical activity as well as rapid increases in the levels of several cardiovascular risk factors including obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus and systemic inflammation. Furthermore, when present, there is a lack of awareness and sub-optimal treatment of these risk factors. In addition to the changes in environmental exposures related to socio-economic development, it does appear that specific populations are particularly prone to the development of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors. In particular, Asian Indians experience a high rate of coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus. Emerging data suggests that Chinese may be particularly prone to the adverse effects of obesity in relation to insulin resistance and inflammation. A concerted effort to change lifestyles to prevent the development of coronary heart disease risk factors, and to improve awareness and treatment of risk factors when then develop, is required to halt the epidemic of coronary heart disease that is occurring in Asia.J Atheroscler Thromb, 2014; 21:S2-S8.

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“…(12) By comparison, the international prevalence of Bell's palsy, according to Holland and Weiner, is 0.02%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bell’s palsy in Singapore: a view from the patient’s perspective

Charn¹,

Subramaniam²,

Yuen³

2013

SMedJ

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RESUlTSA total of 52 patients were recruited, of which 41 were available for analysis. 78.0% of patients were concerned that they were having a stroke upon presentation of the symptoms. Other beliefs about the cause of the disease included overwork or stress (36.6%), something that the patient had eaten (9.8%) and supernatural forces (2.4%). About 50% of patients had tried some form of complementary or alternative therapy other than the steroids/ medicines prescribed by their general practitioner or emergency physician. While 39.0% of patients agreed that the Internet had helped them understand more about their condition in addition to the information provided by the physician, 9.8% of them specifically disagreed with this statement. CONClUSIONWe have found that patients with Bell's palsy in Singapore are not very knowledgeable about the disease.Although the Internet is a useful resource, a physician's explanation of the disease and its natural progression remains of utmost importance.

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Prevalence of Stroke Among Chinese, Malay, and Indian Singaporeans

Cited by 66 publications

References 30 publications

Ischemic Stroke in South Asians

Ischemic Stroke in South Asians

Trends in the Incidence and Mortality of Coronary Heart Disease in Asian Pacific Region

Bell’s palsy in Singapore: a view from the patient’s perspective

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