Prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in musicians: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abstract

Objective To determine the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in musicians. Materials and methods Electronic database searches and a manual search were performed. Qualitative and quantitative analysis including risk of bias was performed for studies that met the inclusion criteria. A meta‐analysis of proportions with a random effects model was performed, and heterogeneity was explored according to the moderating variable through subgroup analysis and metaregression. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE tool. Results A total of 13 articles were included for the meta‐analysis. Pooled prevalence estimate was 52.8% (CI 95%; 33.4%‐71.7%) for wind instruments, 53.9% (CI 95%; 42.4%‐65.2%) for string instruments and 53.9% (CI 95%; 23.5%‐82.7%) for string and wind instruments. The average time of use of the musical instrument explained 82.38%, the heterogeneity between the sizes of the effects observed in the analysis (R2 = 82.38%; P < .0001). For prevalence of TMD, the GRADE criteria were considered very low. Conclusion The overall combined prevalence of TMD in musicians was approximately 53.9%, and musicians who use their instruments daily and for a long period of time may have a higher prevalence of TMD. Clinical significance Due to the high prevalence of TMD in musicians, health professionals must be careful not to underestimate signs and symptoms and correctly diagnose these cases.

Orofacial Pain, Musical Performance and Associated Coping Behaviors, Psychological Distress and Disability among Asian Young Adults

“…Thus, the next step was to understand how OFP symptoms fluctuate with the musical performances and distinctive practices of each musician group. For this purpose, we used face validity questionnaires adopted by previous surveys [ 12 , 13 , 15 , 16 ]. Interestingly, while exploring the presence of OFP while performing or playing music ( Table 5 ), we found that it was significantly higher (more than two-fold) in the two instrumentalist groups when compared to vocalists (41.4–48% vs. 17.2%, p = 0.002).…”

“…A general information questionnaire collected the demographic data, and the following questions were added to assess musical practice confounders according to previous systematic studies and surveys [ 12 , 13 , 15 , 16 ]: 1. instrument(s) most often used/played? ; 2. total number of years of practice?…”

“…Outcome variables from musical performance-related pains were assessed with questions formulated according to previous surveys [ 12 , 13 , 15 , 16 ]. These questions were: in the last 30 days, did you have any of the following pains: a. OFP while playing or for a short period after playing?…”

“…The existing large orchestra surveys and systematic review studies had assessed prevalence of orofacial pain (OFP) and other bodily pains in professional musicians mainly in Europe and Australia [ 5 , 11 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Pain prevalence among musicians varies widely in these countries but can go well above 50% [ 5 , 13 ]. Frequency of oral behaviors appears to be associated with TMD-related pain and temporomandibular joint sounds [ 11 ].…”

Effects of Warm Needle Acupuncture on Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

“…The incidence of TMD is also related to occupation. The overall combined prevalence of TMD among musicians is about 53.9% [ 20 ]. The main symptoms of TMD include muscle and joint-related pain, decreased jaw movement, headache, tinnitus [ 21 ], stiffness, fatigue, and other potentially related symptoms [ 22 ].…”