Prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in patients seeking orthodontic treatment: A systematic review

Abstract

The objective of this systematic review was (a) to establish the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in patients seeking orthodontic treatment and (b) to determine the association between the presence of TMD and sex, age and malocclusion. A systematic literature search was performed according to PRISMA guidelines from 1969 to 2019 using the PubMed and LIVIVO databases. Eight study articles met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. An additional three contributions were identified through manual searching of the reference lists of retrieved articles.The methodological quality of the 11 articles was assessed with the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for prevalence studies. TMD prevalence ranged from 21.1% to 73.3%. The frequency of painful TMD signs/symptoms varied from 3.4% to 65.7%, while non-painful signs/symptoms ranged from 3.1% to 40.8%. The percentage of males and females presenting with TMD varied from 10.6% to 68.1% and 21.2 to 72.4%, respectively. In all studies, TMD prevalence was higher among females. The majority of articles reported more TMD signs/symptoms in individuals older than 18 years as compared to younger ones (≤18 years). While in four studies no association between TMD and malocclusion was found, another three investigations indicated that TMD may be related to certain occlusal traits. The TMD prevalence in patients seeking orthodontic treatment was high, with many individuals presenting painful TMD signs/symptoms. Female and older patients appear to have a greater occurrence of TMD. Although no strong association between TMD and malocclusion was established, several occlusal traits were implicated. K E Y W O R D Sage, malocclusion, orthodontics, sex, temporomandibular disorders | 271 LAI et AL.

Temporomandibular disorders in prospective orthodontic patients:

“…Although similar studies have been conducted with other populations, 7 this is the first such study to be conducted on Southeast Asian subjects. As TMDrelated symptoms were present in a large proportion (66.67%) of the prospective orthodontic patients, the first null hypothesis was duly rejected.…”

“…Limited number of recent studies investigating the prevalence of TMDs in preorthodontic patients, none of which were conducted on Southeast Asian populations, have indicated a prevalence ranging from 15% to 40%. 7,8 The objectives of this study were thus to determine the prevalence and severity of TMDs in Southeast Asian patients seeking orthodontic treatment. It also examined the association between TMDs and malocclusion severity as well as the impact of TMDs on OHRQoL.…”

Study of the Clinical Efficiency of an Interdisciplinary Approach to the Treatment of Orofacial Pain and Temporomandibular Joint Disorders in Patients with Complete or Partial Edentulism

“…In such cases, the stability of positive effect after diagnostics and treatment is often rather low, and there is an increase in the rate of recurrence of orofacial pain and manifestations of the TMJ dysfunction. 4,23,24 An increasing number of authors believe that introduction of diagnostics and treatment methods based on modern methodologies is important in the treatment of this category of patients. 13,21 This was confirmed by the results of our study, which have demonstrated that the application of the complex interdisciplinary approach to prosthodontic rehabilitation contributes to the fact that statistically significantly lower (relative to the control group) levels of severity of pain during palpation of muscles of the masticatory organs, pain during opening the mouth and chewing, as well as indicators of visual analogue scale of assessment of painful sensations are observed in full-mouth reconstruction patients 1 to 3 years after the treatment.…”

“…In such cases, the stability of positive effect after diagnostics and treatment is often rather low, and there is an increase in the rate of recurrence of orofacial pain and manifestations of the TMJ dysfunction. 4 23 24 …”

A novel three‐dimensional morphological analysis of idiopathic condylar resorption following stabilisation splint treatment

“…Occlusal interferences on protrusion and lateral excursion are eliminated to provide immediate disclusion of the posterior teeth 27‐29 . Thus, in addition to facilitating masticatory muscle relaxation, a SS can also be used to eliminate occlusal interferences, despite the lack of definitive causal evidence, certain types of occlusal features (such as centric relation‐maximum intercuspation slide, mediotrusive interferences, open bite, deep bite and posterior crossbite) appeared to be associated with temporomandibular disorder 30 …”