Prevalence of the thoracic scoliosis in children and adolescents candidates for strabismus surgery: results from a 1935-patient cross-sectional study in China

Pan, Xiangxiang; Huang, Chongan; Lin, Jialiang; Zhang, Zengjie; Shi, Yifeng; Chen, Boda; Zhang, Huawei; Dai, Zhongliang; Yu, Xinping; Wang, Xiangyang

doi:10.1007/s00586-020-06341-7

Cited by 14 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Finally, we studied the etiological and dental role in the onset of scoliosis as they can lead to proprioceptive dysregulation and impact the maintenance of a correct posture [ 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk Factors, Lifestyle and Prevention among Adolescents with Idiopathic Juvenile Scoliosis: A Cross Sectional Study in Eleven First-Grade Secondary Schools of Palermo Province, Italy

Scaturro

Costantino

Terrana

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) has an incidence of 2–3% in the general population and a multifactorial etiology. The present study aims to analyze modifiable risk factors and their interactions in the development of AIS in order to increase knowledge about the disease and to prevent the evolution of AIS in young students with tailored public health strategies. A cross-sectional study was conducted over two consecutive school years among students attending 11 first-grade secondary schools in the province of Palermo, Italy. A self-administered questionnaire that investigated socio-demographical, physical and anamnestic characteristics and habits, focusing on possible risk factors associated with idiopathic scoliosis, was administered. In addition, a clinical evaluation was performed with Adams’ test and Bunnel’s inclinometer. Suspected AIS cases were associated with the practice of high-risk sports (p < 0.05), weekly physical activity lasting ≥3 h (p < 0.05), lower back pain (p < 0.001), posture disorders (p < 0.01) and having had no contact with a physician (p < 0.01). Practice of high-risk sports (adj OR = 1.83; CI 95% 1.11–4.76) and suffering of posture disorders (adj OR = 1.67; CI 95% 1.12–3.60) showed a significant association with a confirmed diagnosis of AIS (Cobb angle ≥ 10° at X-ray). The risk factors associated with AIS are still unclear. Therefore, it is crucial to identify early modifiable and multiple risk factors to prevent the evolution of scoliosis in school-age children.

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“…Finally, we studied the etiological and dental role in the onset of scoliosis as they can lead to proprioceptive dysregulation and impact the maintenance of a correct posture [ 11 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, a possible relationship between strabismus and scoliosis has recently been highlighted. Patients with strabismus show a much higher risk of developing dorsal scoliosis, as they can present an altered visual–spatial perception with asymmetrical postural responses [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors, Lifestyle and Prevention among Adolescents with Idiopathic Juvenile Scoliosis: A Cross Sectional Study in Eleven First-Grade Secondary Schools of Palermo Province, Italy

Scaturro

Costantino

Terrana

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…It was found that patients with intermittent exotropia are at a great higher risk of visual fatigue in comparison with healthy individuals [13]. Strabismus patients showed a greater risk of developing thoracic scoliosis [14].The temporal integration for stereopsis is impaired in patients with IXT, requiring longer critical integration time to achieve elevated optimal stereoacuity [15].Children with untreated strabismus can develop impaired binocular vision, which can interfere with their ability to conduct social interactions with other children. Lack of binocularity and stereopsis in children is associated with significant motor skills impairment, in particular for static balance and catching tasks [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A retrospective survey of strabismus surgery in a tertiary eye center in northern China, 2014–2019

Wan

Jiang

et al. 2021

BMC Ophthalmol

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Background To evaluate the distribution pattern and changes of strabismus surgery in northern China. Methods The records of strabismus patients at Qingdao Eye Hospital from January 2014 to December 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. The characteristics analyzed included gender, regional distribution, constituent ratio of age and type of strabismus. Changes during the periods 2014–2016 and 2017–2019 were compared and analyzed. Results A total of 5746 strabismus patients were recruited. The number of strabismus patients was relatively stable each year from 2014 to 2016 but gradually increased each year from 2017 to 2019. Of these, 51.7% (2968/5746) were male, and 48.3% (2778/5746) were female. The majority (89.8%, 5159/5746) of the patients were from Shandong Province. The statistical results of the constituent ratio of age showed that 32.4% (1860/5746) were 7–12 years old (primary school level). Patients under 12 years of age (preschool and primary school level) accounted for 60.0% (3447/5746) of all the patients. In terms of the types of strabismus, exotropia accounted for 63.5% (3650/5746), followed by esotropia and vertical rotational strabismus at 13.2% (758/5746) and 9.7% (555/5746), respectively. Intermittent exotropia was the most common type among the exotropia patients, accounting for 71.3% (2604/3650). Among the patients with intermittent exotropia, 62.5% (1627/2604) were children aged 4–12 years, and the basic type of intermittent exotropia was the main type. Four percent (231/5746) of the patients, of which adult patients comprised the main population, required reoperation. Conclusions Patients with strabismus at primary school level comprised the largest group of strabismus patients in north China. Exotropia was the most common type of strabismus, and intermittent exotropia was the most common type of exotropia. The rate of exotropia to esotropia was 5:1.

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“…It was found that patients with intermittent exotropia are at a great higher risk of visual fatigue in comparison with healthy individuals [13]. Strabismus patients showed a greater risk of developing thoracic scoliosis [14].The temporal integration for stereopsis is impaired in patients with IXT, requiring longer critical integration time to achieve elevated optimal stereoacuity [15].Children with untreated strabismus can develop impaired binocular vision, which can interfere with their ability to conduct social interactions with other children. Lack of binocularity and stereopsis in children is associated with signi cant motor skills impairment, in particular for static balance and catching tasks [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Demography and Aetiology of Strabismus Patients in a Tertiary Eye Centre in North China, 2014-2019

Wan

wan

Jiang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundTo analyse the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of strabismus patients in north China. MethodsThe records of strabismus patients at Qingdao Eye Hospital from January 2014 to December 2019 were reviewed retrospectively. The characteristics analysed included gender, regional distribution, constituent ratio of age and type of strabismus. Changes during the periods 2014–2016 and 2017–2019 were compared and analysed. ResultsA total of 5746 strabismus patients were recruited. The number of strabismus patients was relatively stable each year from 2014 to 2016 but gradually increased each year from 2017 to 2019. Of these, 51.7% (2868/5746) were male, and 48.3% (2778/5746) were female. The majority (89.8%, 5159/5746) of the patients were from Shandong Province. The statistical results of the constituent ratio of age showed that 32.4% (1860/5746) were 7–12 years old(primary school level). Patients under 12 years of age (preschool and primary school level) accounted for 60.0% (3447/5746) of all the patients. In terms of the types of strabismus, exotropia accounted for 63.5% (3650/5746), followed by esotropia and vertical rotational strabismus at 13.2% (758/5746) and 9.7% (555/5746), respectively. Intermittent exotropia was the most common type among the exotropia patients, accounting for 71.3% (2604/3650). Among the patients with intermittent exotropia, 62.5% (1627/2604) were children aged 4–12 years, and the basic type of intermittent exotropia was the main type. Four percent (231/5746) of the patients, of which adult patients comprised the main population, required reoperation.ConclusionPatients with strabismus at primary school level comprised the largest group of strabismus patients in north China. Exotropia was the most common type of strabismus, and intermittent exotropia was the most common type of exotropia. The rate of exotropia to esotropia was 5:1.

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Prevalence of the thoracic scoliosis in children and adolescents candidates for strabismus surgery: results from a 1935-patient cross-sectional study in China

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Risk Factors, Lifestyle and Prevention among Adolescents with Idiopathic Juvenile Scoliosis: A Cross Sectional Study in Eleven First-Grade Secondary Schools of Palermo Province, Italy

Risk Factors, Lifestyle and Prevention among Adolescents with Idiopathic Juvenile Scoliosis: A Cross Sectional Study in Eleven First-Grade Secondary Schools of Palermo Province, Italy

A retrospective survey of strabismus surgery in a tertiary eye center in northern China, 2014–2019

The Demography and Aetiology of Strabismus Patients in a Tertiary Eye Centre in North China, 2014-2019

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