Prevalence of thyroid disorders is not different in type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to nondiabetics in South India

Menon, Usha; Bhavani, Nisha; Jayakumar, RV; Kumar, Harish; Nair, Vasantha; Pavithran, Praveen V; Arun, Chankramath S; Abraham, Nithya; Pankaj, Aswin

doi:10.1007/s13410-018-0672-8

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The imbalance of the blood glucose parameters directly impacts the hypothalamic-pituitaryovarian axis, and may initiate insulin resistance contributing to a number of menstrual irregularities as early menarche and polycystic ovarian syndrome in young adolescent girls. The risk of developing T2DM in women with GDM was 33% high in an Indian study conducted in Bangalore on 128 women [5]. The resultant insulin resistance leads to decreased estradiol production, decreased production of sex hormone-binding globulins, and loss of ovarian reserves, leading to long anovulatory cycles and eventually may decline the age at onset of menopause [7] Inhibin B and anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) are considered to be significant markers of reproductive aging where inhibin B levels indicate the ovarian activity and the AMH levels are used to determine the ovarian reserves [8].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, it has been reported that although diabetes is not sex-specific, its impact on the female population is severe. Owing to reproductive considerations throughout a woman's lifespan, she experiences more pronounced changes in her body and hormones [5]. A woman undergoes several transitional hormonal changes throughout her reproductive span during menarche, pregnancy, lactation, middle age, and pre-and post-menopause.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unraveling the Link: A Comprehensive Literature Review of Type 2 Diabetes and Menopause Onset

Mohile,

Hedaoo,

Jadhav

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Women with diabetes mellitus (DM), a metabolic endocrine illness, may experience a variety of reproductive problems. The age at menopause onset has been extensively studied as a major predictor of women's health in the future; however, its relationship to diabetes in Indian women has received less attention. This literature review looked at the consequences of diabetes in women as well as the association between diabetes and the age at which menopause begins. The average age at menopause onset among women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has decreased globally. According to one Indian study, the average menopause age dropped to 45 years for 26% of women with T2DM. In the current review, 10 studies indicated that women with T2DM displayed an imbalanced hormonal profile resulting in an extended anovulatory period. Two investigations highlighted the significance of altered body composition of women with T2DM, thereby suggesting obesity as the primary risk factor of ovarian aging and early climacteric symptoms. T2DM may lower the average age at menopause onset; however, further research on Indian women is necessary. There is a need of studies on T2DM in premenopausal women are needed to demonstrate how the changes in body composition impact the age at which menopause begins. Delaying the onset of menopause in women with T2DM necessitates diet and lifestyle interventions to minimize ovarian aging and hormonal imbalance.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Link: A Comprehensive Literature Review of Type 2 Diabetes and Menopause Onset

Mohile,

Hedaoo,

Jadhav

et al. 2023

Cureus

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“…Walia et al [ 20 ] performed a meta-analysis in 2022 involving 36,500 patients and concluded that T2DM patients are at increased risk of developing subclinical hypothyroidism (odds ratio (OR): 1.88, 95%CI: 1.33-2.66). In contrast to these studies, Menon et al [ 21 ] conducted a cohort study with 1,180 patients consisting of both diabetic and nondiabetic individuals. A community cohort with 986 patients and a hospital cohort with 194 patients were included in this study.…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to these studies, Menon et al[21] conducted a cohort study with 1,180 patients consisting of both diabetic and nondiabetic individuals. A community cohort with 986 patients and a hospital cohort with 194 patients were included in this study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Hypothyroidism on Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications: A Comprehensive Review

Vemula¹,

Aramadaka²,

Mannam³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders in the world and is characterized by excessive blood glucose levels, which lead to deranged carbohydrate, protein, and lipid metabolisms. At its core, DM is an impairment of insulin metabolism, leading to a plethora of clinical features. The thyroid gland is another vital cog in the wheel of the endocrine system, and the hormones synthesized by it are heavily involved in the control of the body’s metabolism. Hypothyroidism is a state in which thyroid hormones are deficient due to various factors and is characterized by a metabolically hypoactive state. Together, insulin, implicated in DM, and thyroid hormones engage in an intricate dance and serve to regulate the body’s metabolism. It is imperative to explore the relationship between these two common endocrine disorders to understand their clinical association and mold treatments specific to patients in which they coexist. Both type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have been shown to have an increased association with hypothyroidism, especially in patients with risk factors including female sex, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and anemia. This review also explores DM’s macrovascular and microvascular complications and their association with hypothyroidism. It is of great use to screen for hypothyroidism in diabetic patients. Specific protocols, especially for patients at an elevated risk, provide improved quality of life to patients affected by this highly prevalent disease.

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Computing Approach to Detect the Factors and their Impact in Prevalence of Thyroid

Govindarajan,

Shreya,

Tesfahun

et al. 2024

2024 11th International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom)

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Prevalence of thyroid disorders is not different in type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to nondiabetics in South India

Cited by 4 publications

References 26 publications

Unraveling the Link: A Comprehensive Literature Review of Type 2 Diabetes and Menopause Onset

Unraveling the Link: A Comprehensive Literature Review of Type 2 Diabetes and Menopause Onset

The Impact of Hypothyroidism on Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications: A Comprehensive Review

Computing Approach to Detect the Factors and their Impact in Prevalence of Thyroid

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