Prevalence of Tick Borne Haemoparasites in Some Breeds of Cattle and Goats Slaughtered in Some Abattoirs within Makurdi, Nigeria

Background This review documents the hard tick species that have been reported in Nigeria, their distribution, pathogens transmitted and disease they cause in Nigeria; the literature review considered studies that were conducted between 2000 and 2021. Main body The hard tick (Ixodidae) species widely present in the country are those of the genera; Amblyomma, Rhipicephalus/Boophilus, Hyalomma, Ixodes, Dermacentor and Haemaphysalis among which, Amblyomma sp, Hyalomma sp and Rhipicephalus sp. were most widely reported. Ticks cause serious economic losses to the livestock industry via their negative impact on animal health in general and possible transmission of zoonotic pathogens by some species. Ticks’ distribution is favoured by factors which include uncontrolled cross-border movement of animals, lack of strict quarantine measures, extensive animal grazing and suitable climatic condition. Tick-borne diseases commonly reported included Babesiosis, Anaplasmosis, Theileriosis and Ehrlichiosis, while diseases such as Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever and Africa tick bite fever are under-reported. Also, there is paucity of information on the economic impact of these diseases. Measures that have been implemented in the control of ticks included the use of acaricides and to some extent vaccines. Conclusions Ticks and tick-borne diseases constitute serious economic important and studies to fully ascertain these at the national level is recommended. Also, there is need for identification of other species of ticks and under-reported tick-borne diseases to develop more integrated control measures.

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Current distribution and disease association of Ixodidae (hard ticks) in Nigeria

Kyari

Ogwiji

Igah

et al. 2022

JoBAZ

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A systematic scoping review of microbial pathogens in ruminants with or without a history of abortions in Nigeria

Akinyemi,

Ajoseh,

Anjorin

et al. 2023

Ger. J. Vet. Res.

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Abortifacient pathogens such as bacterial [Brucella spp., Listeria spp., Leptospira interrogans ser., Coxiella burnetii, Campylobacter spp., Anaplasma spp., Chlamydia spp.], mycotic [Aspergillus spp. and Candida spp.], protozoan [Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora spp.], and viral [Blue tongue virus (BTV), Schmallenberg virus (SBV), Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), and Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV)] pathogens are challenges for the productive and reproductive performance of ruminants (cattle, sheep, and goats) globally. No comprehensive report on epidemiology, associated risk factors, or economic burden of these infectious pathogens is available for Nigeria. This review estimated the distribution and burden of abortive pathogens in ruminants in Nigeria for the last twenty-two years (2000-2022). Research articles reporting the detection of any of the above-mentioned abortive pathogens in ready-to-slaughter ruminants (RTSR), sick ruminants (SR), and ruminants with abortive history (RWAH) in Nigeria were accessed using different repositories, including Google Scholar, Proquest, PubMed, ResearchGate and Scopus to determine the prevalence, spatial distribution, and associated risk factors. From a total of 140 articles selected for this review, eight bacterial, four viral, two parasitic, and two mycotic infectious agents were reported for Nigeria. This study reveals a prevalence of 28.2% viral agents, 14.43% bacterial pathogens, 14.24% protozoans, and 28.1% fungal agents in the reported tested samples. Brucellosis was the most often reported among bacterial diseases, followed by leptospirosis and listeriosis. PPRV infection was the most common viral disease, followed by BTV. Additionally, two parasitic diseases, neosporosis and toxoplasmosis, and two mycotic diseases, aspergillosis and candidiasis, were reported. In this study, stillbirth and abortion were recorded in 49.2% of sheep with PPRV, 58.95% in goats with Chlamydophila abortus and PPRV, and 6.4% in cattle with Brucella abortus and Histophilus somni infections. Lack of vaccines, open markets, and extensive husbandry systems were among the risk factors associated with different abortive pathogens. This study is a useful tool for researchers and government officers in risk assessment and management of livestock to improve livestock production in Nigeria

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Prevalence of Tick Borne Haemoparasites in Some Breeds of Cattle and Goats Slaughtered in Some Abattoirs within Makurdi, Nigeria

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

Current distribution and disease association of Ixodidae (hard ticks) in Nigeria

Current distribution and disease association of Ixodidae (hard ticks) in Nigeria

A systematic scoping review of microbial pathogens in ruminants with or without a history of abortions in Nigeria

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