Prevalence of tick-borne haemoparasitic diseases (TBHDS) and haematological changes in sheep and goats in Maiduguri abattoir

Abstract

A preliminary survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of some tick-borne haemoparasitic diseases (TBHDs) and their effects on the haematological parameters of sheep and goats in Maiduguri abattoir. A total of 200 blood samples were collected from sheep (n = 100) and goats (n = 100) from November 2015 to May 2016. Giemsa stained blood smears were prepared and examined under light microscope, to screen for haemoparasites. Packed cell volume (PCV) was determined by microhaematocrit centrifugation technique while haemoglobin (Hb) concentration was determined by Sahli's method. The total white blood cell (WBC) and red blood cell (RBC) counts were estimated with Neubauer hemocytometer while erythrocyte indices were calculated. The results showed 13.5% overall prevalence of tick-borne haemoparasitic diseases in sheep 13 (6.5%) and goats 14 (7.0%). There was no significant (p>0.05) differences in prevalence of haemoparasites between sexes and age groups of sheep and goats. Anaplasma ovis and Babesia ovis were identified in the study of which A. ovis [23 (11.5%)] was higher (p<0.05) than B. ovis [2 (1.0%)]. A single co-infection of A. ovis and B. ovis was encountered in sheep. The mean values of PCV, Hb and RBC counts of infected sheep were lower (p<0.05) than the uninfected sheep. Similarly, the mean values of Hb and WBC of were significantly (p<0.05) lower in infected goats. This stud has reports important tick-borne haemoparasitic diseases in sheep and goats. We recommend tick control using suitable acaricides, periodic screening and treatment of small ruminants in Maiduguri.

Prevalence of tick-borne haemoparasitic infections in Zebu cattle slaughtered in Yenagoa, Bayelsa State

“…The high prevalence of 57.5% and 35.8% recorded for Anaplasma marginale and Babesia bovis in this study respectively is higher than the 18.5%% and 8.0% for these parasites reported by [20]. The result is also higher than the record by [21] for Anaplasma and Babesia. However, the prevalence rate of 6.7% observed for Theileria parva in this study is lower than the 9.3% recorded by [20].…”

“…The high prevalence (62.5%) of tick-borne haemoparasites recorded in this study is higher than the 57.1% and 27.8% reported by [19] and [20] in Abeokuta, Ogun state and 16% recorded by [9] in North Central Nigeria. The result obtained in this study is also higher than the 13.5% reported in Maiduguri by [21]. The result in this study is however lower than the 73.4%, reported in Botswana by [22], 86.6% in Mungwi District, Northern Province, Zambia by [23] and 80.4% in North Cameroon by [24].…”

Clinical signs, prevalence, and hematobiochemical profiles associated with Anaplasma infections in sheep of North Iraq

“…Anaplasma species are ubiquitous rickettsial organisms that have been reported in all the six continents of the world [ 12 ], especially in the tropics and subtropics, due to a large number of its tick vectors [ 13 ].…”

“…There is a scarcity of studies in most parts of the world on the clinical signs associated with Anaplasma infection in indigenous sheep and its hematological and Anaplasma species are ubiquitous rickettsial organisms that have been reported in all the six continents of the world [12], especially in the tropics and subtropics, due to a large number of its tick vectors [13].…”

“…A lower incidence of Anaplasma infection has been reported in Nigeria [12] and Ethiopia [14], with prevalence rates of 5.0% and 6.0%, respectively, documented among sheep. Similar to our finding, an earlier study [9] documented 62.6% prevalence of A. ovis among sheep in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.…”