Prevalence of tinea capitis in Ethiopian schoolchildren

Woldeamanuel, Yimtubezinash; Leekassa, Ruth; Chryssanthou, Erja; Menghistu, Y.; Petrini, Björn

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0507.2004.01081.x

Cited by 54 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Isolation rates ranging from 24%-93% have been reported in earlier studies from different geographical areas. (5,6,7) Our study showed KOH positivity rate of 42.2% among the clinically suspected cases, which was less compared with earlier studies by Jha BN et al and Woldeamanuel Y et al, where in the rates were 62.3% and 62% respectively; however, the KOH positivity rate was much higher when compared to 16.3% by Hogewoning AA et al (8,9,10) According to our study, the predominant age group affected was found to be 1-10 (56.86%). Similar findings have been noted in studies by A. G. Sajjan et al, Bose S. et al, Wani M.M.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Mycological Study of Tinea Capitis in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Gopi¹,

Murthy²,

S³

et al. 2015

jemds

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVETinea capitis is a superficial fungal infection of the hair follicle of scalp. The causative dermatophytes vary with social status and geographical distribution. The incidence is high in developing countries due to factors like poverty compounded by overcrowding, improper hygiene and illiteracy. Tinea capitis is the most common dermatophytes infection of childhood, especially in school going children. It is self-limiting disease of childhood and seldom extends beyond puberty. India being a tropical developing country with high temperature and humidity favours superficial cutaneous mycotic infections. The objective of this study was to isolate and identify the dermatophytes causing tinea capitis.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Mycological Study of Tinea Capitis in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Gopi¹,

Murthy²,

S³

et al. 2015

jemds

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“…By the 1970s to 1980s Trichophyton tonsurans, another anthropophilic dermatophyte, had become the most common cause of tinea capitis (21), and it now causes more than 95% of these infections in the United States (7). By contrast, species such as Trichophyton violaceum and Trichophyton soudanense, which are common causes of tinea capitis in parts of Africa and West Asia (5,15,24,25,35), have rarely been isolated from patients in the United States. Among 14,696 dermatophytes isolated from patients at 54 locations throughout the United States from 1985 through 1987, only 12 were identified as T. violaceum and only 2 were identified as T. soudanense (31).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Trichophyton violaceum and Trichophyton soudanense in Baltimore, Maryland

Magill¹,

Manfredi

Swiderski

et al. 2007

J Clin Microbiol

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Tinea capitis is of public health importance because of its transmissibility. Trichophyton violaceum and Trichophyton soudanense , which are common causes of tinea capitis in parts of Africa and West Asia, have only rarely been reported to cause dermatophytoses in the United States. We identified 24 patients with 25 positive cultures for T. violaceum or T. soudanense that were processed in a single hospital laboratory in Baltimore, Maryland, between 1 January 2000 and 30 June 2006. Most patients for whom clinical information was available had tinea capitis. There was a marked increase in the isolation of these organisms between the period from 2000 to 2002 and the period from 2003 to 2006, possibly associated with changes in immigration to the Baltimore metropolitan area. The changing epidemiology of this transmissible fungal infection not only is of public health interest as an example of the introduction of a “new” pathogen to an area where it traditionally was not endemic but also is of clinical and microbiological importance given reports suggesting an increasing incidence of tinea capitis in some areas and increasing clinical failure rates of current therapies.

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“…Infection rates for species that are endemic in other geographic regions can be equally impressive. Population surveys conducted in undeveloped and developing countries revealed clinical infection rates that never fell below one in five and often exceeded one in every two of the children sampled (3,6,13,14,15,19,20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multilocus Genotyping Identifies Infections by Multiple Strains of Trichophyton tonsurans

2007

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Acquisition of multiple genetic strains of a single dermatophyte species should not be unexpected in areas of high endemicity, and yet multistrain infections are infrequently reported. This communication details mixed Trichophyton tonsurans infections and highlights the need to confirm the presence of multiple strains in a clinical single isolate by use of a multilocus approach.Clinical and epidemiological investigations, along with population-based evolutionary studies, all benefit from the ability to distinguish pathogen strains. Without the ability to reliably discriminate variants within a species one cannot adequately determine the extent of genetic variation within and between pathogen populations, investigate the origins of phenetic diversity within a species, or gain insight into the relationship between the organism and its host (17). For many fungal pathogens, strain-typing methods have been developed for neutrally evolving areas of the genome, with typing strategies aimed at detecting intraspecific genetic variation in the dermatophytes almost exclusively represented by the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) locus (9,10,11,16,18,21).The rDNA region remains popular for investigations of microbial pathogens. The intergenic spacer is known to exhibit a large degree of variation, and the highly conserved flanking rDNA genes make it relatively easy to target the region. Nevertheless, it is not uncommon for papers describing straintyping methods using this region to report amplification patterns that are difficult to interpret (11,12). We similarly reported challenges with initial attempts at characterizing this region from Trichophyton tonsurans. However, careful optimization of the PCR amplification procedures ensured a singular, discernible pattern for each strain in the validation set (9). Yet subsequent application of our PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP)-based strain-typing methods to a large-scale epidemiologic investigation revealed composite RFLP patterns at this locus (2). Notably, examining coding region variations in conjunction with variations in the rDNA locus offered evidence that these patterns were consistent with infections comprised of more than one strain.Given that clinically derived samples and samples acquired in large-scale studies are rarely plated in a clonal fashion, typing strategies require the ability to discriminate mixed infections (i.e., infections by more than one strain). This is particularly relevant when studies are conducted in areas of high endemicity where more than half of the relevant sample population may be harboring the pathogen and multiple strain types are known to occur. This communication provides details on multistrain T. tonsurans infections confirmed from a single clinical isolate by use of a multilocus approach. MATERIALS AND METHODSClinical isolates. The T. tonsurans isolates described for this investigation were obtained from a prospective epidemiologic investigation reported on previously by the investigators (2). Scalp cultures were performed ...

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Prevalence of tinea capitis in Ethiopian schoolchildren

Cited by 54 publications

References 29 publications

Mycological Study of Tinea Capitis in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Mycological Study of Tinea Capitis in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Isolation of Trichophyton violaceum and Trichophyton soudanense in Baltimore, Maryland

Multilocus Genotyping Identifies Infections by Multiple Strains of Trichophyton tonsurans

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