Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Chicken samples from delta of Egypt using ELISA, histopathology and immunohistochemistry

Ibrahim, Hany M.; Abdel-Ghaffar, Fathy; Osman, Gamalat Y.; Elshourbagy, S; Nishikawa, Yoshifumi; Khattab, Reham A.

doi:10.1007/s12639-014-0530-7

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In Brazil, 70% of people have been exposed to T. gondii at some point in their lives (VERGARA et al, 1985). Indeed, serological studies conducted in different regions of the country have reported prevalence rates ranging from 11.18% to 78.7% (JAMRA & GUIMARÃES, 1981;FERRARONI & LACAZ, 1982;ABRAHAMS-SANDI & VARGAS-BRENES, 2005;HOLSBACK et al, 2012;ZHAO et al, 2012;IBRAHIM et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and parasite DNA in backyard chicken breeding in Northeast, Brazil

Fernandes

Cavalcanti

Silva

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and parasite DNA in backyard chickens bred in the metropolitan area of Recife, Brazil. In total, 212 serum samples were collected from 16 properties, and 12 backyard chickens were collected in the six sanitary districts of Recife. An indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was used to investigate the occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect T. gondii DNA in brain, heart, liver and lung specimens. Of the samples analyzed by serology, 86/212 (40.56%) were positive; of the samples analyzed by PCR, 2/12 (16.7%) were positive, with both samples positive by both tests (serological and molecular). The presence of antibody anti-T. gondii and parasite DNA in tissues of these animals are worrying aspects for public health because there is a risk of transmission of the parasite to humans through eating undercooked or raw meat. Based on the results, the adoption of preventive measures to prevent the cats access to the chickens creations should be encouraged, since these animals were identified in most of the studied properties.Keywords: Toxoplasmosis, Gallus gallus domesticus, Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA), Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Brazil. ResumoO objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a ocorrência de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii e de DNA do parasito em galinhas de criações domésticas, na região metropolitana de Recife, Brasil. No total, 212 amostras de soro foram coletadas de aves de 16 estabelecimentos e de 12 galinhas de criações domésticas nos seis distritos sanitários de Recife. Para a pesquisa de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii foi utilizada a Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta (RIFI). A Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR) foi utilizada para detectar o DNA de T. gondii em fragmentos de cérebro, coração, fígado e pulmão. Das amostras analisadas por sorologia, 86/212 (40,56%) foram positivas. Das amostras analisadas por PCR, 2/212 (16,7%) foram positivas, em ambos os testes (sorológicos e moleculares). A presença de anticorpos anti-T. gondii e de DNA parasitário nos tecidos desses animais são aspectos preocupantes para saúde pública, porque há o risco de transmissão do parasita para humanos através da ingestão de carne mal cozida ou crua. Com base nos resultados obtidos, a adoção de medidas preventivas que evitem o acesso de gatos às criações de galinhas deve ser incentivada, uma vez que esses animais foram identificados na maioria das propriedades estudadas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and parasite DNA in backyard chicken breeding in Northeast, Brazil

Fernandes

Cavalcanti

Silva

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…Level of infection in chicken may be under detectable levels, and low parasitemia makes diagnosis in this model by microscopy difficult, needing ELISA or more sensible methods [38]. In some studies, already has been demonstrated that dose of parasites influence on studies, finding parasites in liver and heart, but none was found in brain cells.…”

Section: Bird Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many species of birds can act as a reservoir for T. gondii, apparently with or without symptoms [39]. But some studies relating to gender prove that female chicken present more seroprevalence than male, probably associated to behavior manner [38].…”

Section: Bird Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental Models of Ocular Toxoplasmosis

Násare¹,

Tedesco²

2017

Toxoplasmosis

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First described in Ctenodactylus gundi and simultaneously in rabbit, Toxoplasma gondii, an etiological agent of toxoplasmosis, affects different species of vertebrates and invertebrates, presenting different manifestations depending on the host. Ocular toxoplasmosis is one of the mean manifestations of toxoplasmosis in humans, affecting 2% of infected individuals in Europe and North America. Otherwise many aspects of ocular toxoplasmosis still await answer. One of the major factors limiting this process is the difficulty to obtain human samples, doing necessary the use of experimental models. By the way, animal models do not express reality of human disease. The present study defines a compilation of report cases and results that supports the choice of an ideal experimental animal model of ocular toxoplasmosis. Actual literature bears new researches contributing in the choice of a specific experimental animal model. Moreover, the choice must consider behavior, period of life, and maintenance in captivity and ocular toxoplasmosis manifestation. Previous studies contribute for a best-chosen experimental animal model, by the way fragmented information makes difficult to compare mostly animal models picked that do not present efficiency enough. In conclusion, experimental animal models are able to bring relevant information about the course of ocular toxoplasmosis.

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“…Backyard production methods imply low biosafety measures and a high risk of infectious diseases (CONAN et al, 2012;IBRAHIM et al, 2016). Chickens reared in backyards, for instance, harbour a wide variety of geo-parasites, becoming highly infected during feeding (BEN SLIMANE, 2016;FERDUSHY et al, 2016;JAVAREGOWDA et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of anti-Toxocara antibodies in broiler chickens in southern Brazil

Oliveira

Rubinsky-Elefant

Merigueti

et al. 2018

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of anti-Toxocara antibodies in naturally infected broiler chickens (n = 189) from the state of Paraná, southern Brazil. The chickens were reared in a semi-intensive system by small family farmers (n = 7). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to detect the presence of anti- Toxocara spp. IgY after serum adsorption with Ascaridia galli antigens. An overall seroprevalence of 67.7% (128/189; 95% CI = 61.1-74.4) was observed. The frequency of positive animals by farm ranged from 29.6% to 100%. The optical density and reactivity index values observed in ELISA test indicated the possible chronicity of infection of the evaluated chickens. Associations between the presence of antibodies and the area where the chickens were reared (p = 0.382) or the population density of dogs on the farm (p = 0.785) were not observed. This study shows a high prevalence of Toxocara spp. antibodies in broiler chickens reared in semi-intensive systems and provides evidence that chickens are a good indicator of environmental contamination by larva migrans agents. Further studies are necessary to assess the risk factors associated with poultry infection and the likelihood of toxocariasis transmission to humans via the ingestion of free-range chicken meat.

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Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Chicken samples from delta of Egypt using ELISA, histopathology and immunohistochemistry

Cited by 17 publications

References 28 publications

Occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and parasite DNA in backyard chicken breeding in Northeast, Brazil

Occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and parasite DNA in backyard chicken breeding in Northeast, Brazil

Experimental Models of Ocular Toxoplasmosis

Frequency of anti-Toxocara antibodies in broiler chickens in southern Brazil

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