Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection among Egyptian women using culture and Latex agglutination: cross-sectional study

Mahmoud, Ahmed Taher; Sherif, Nadine Alaa; Abdella, Rana; El-Genedy, Amira R.; Kateb, Abdalla Y. El; Askalani, Ahmed

doi:10.1186/s12905-015-0169-2

Cited by 29 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The study revealed an overall prevalence of T. vaginalis of 4.8% but the disease distribution across age groups remained heterogeneous; women with an age range between 31 to 45 years were the most infected population (prevalence range: 5.2 % - 6.5%). These findings are consistent with data from other studies that showed that 25- to 45-year-old women are at higher risk of being infected by T. vaginalis [25–27]. Trichomoniasis in that age group is more prevalent due to the fact that it is a sexually active and reproductive age group, which is predisposing factor for infection [9, 28].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

A Study ofTrichomonas vaginalisInfection and Correlates in Women with Vaginal Discharge Referred at Fann Teaching Hospital in Senegal

Tine

Sylla

et al. 2019

Journal of Parasitology Research

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Introduction. Trichomoniasis is nowadays the most prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted infection in the world. In Senegal, the epidemiology of trichomoniasis is not well known. The current study aimed at assessing the prevalence and factors associated with T. vaginalis infection among women with vaginal discharge. Methods. A retrospective analysis of laboratory records from patients referred at the Fann Teaching Hospital in Dakar, Senegal, for vaginal discharge was carried out. The study covered the period from 2006 to 2011. For each participating woman, a vaginal swab was collected and a wet mount smear performed immediately. Optic microscopic examination with 40x magnification was done to detect T. vaginalis and assess biological modifications such as presence of epithelial cells, white blood cells, and red blood cells. A gram stained smear was also performed and examined under oil immersion (100x magnification) to assess the vaginal flora. Results. Overall, 3893 women were enrolled with a mean age at 31.2 ± 10 years. The prevalence of Trichomoniasis represented 4.8%, 95%CI(3.1-5.7) and it was lower among women less than 30 years (4.1%), while divorced women more likely to be infected compared to married and single women (aOR:2.1, 95%CI (1.2-3.7)). Trichomoniasis was associated with abnormal vaginal flora such as type III (aOR:2.6, 95%CI(1.5-4.4)) and type IV (aOR:3.3, 95%CI(2.1-5.3)). In addition, patients with erythrocytes excretion were more likely to be infected by T. vaginalis (aOR:2.8, 95%CI(1.9-3.9). Conclusion. Trichomonas vaginalis remains prevalent among sexually active women. Strategies aiming at improving disease awareness in these high-risk groups are needed to improve trichomoniasis prevention but extensive epidemiological data are still needed for a better understanding of the disease transmission dynamic.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

A Study ofTrichomonas vaginalisInfection and Correlates in Women with Vaginal Discharge Referred at Fann Teaching Hospital in Senegal

Tine

Sylla

et al. 2019

Journal of Parasitology Research

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“…However, direct wet-mount microscopy has low sensitivity and is subject to diagnostic biases as a result of its dependence on operator’s experience and viability of the organism in the specimen [14, 15]. The introduction of staining to the direct microscopic method attempted to solve these problems, but reports indicate no increase in sensitivity compared with the unstained direct wet mount method [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such, the culture technique is considered the “gold standard” for the diagnosis of T. vaginalis [18]. Nonetheless, this method is limited in the event of non-viable organisms in specimen [16]. Furthermore, in addition to the relatively longer turn-around time of 2–7 days, not many clinical laboratories in Africa are equipped to accurately perform the culture-based detection method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and the evaluation of culture, wet mount, and ELISA methods for the diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis infection among Ghanaian women using urine and vaginal specimens

et al. 2019

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Background The services of most clinical laboratories in Africa regarding the diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis are largely dependent on the urine direct wet-mount method. However, the exclusive use of urine-based detection may not be appropriate. The culture method is considered the “gold standard” for the diagnosis of T. vaginalis . However, this method has a relatively longer turn-around time and is limited by non-viable organisms in the specimen. This study assessed the prevalence of T. vaginalis and its associated risk factors and evaluated its diagnosis using urine and vaginal samples from symptomatic female out-patients by culture, direct wet-mount, and ELISA method respectively. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology department of the Manhyia District hospital (MDH) and Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Ghana. Ghanaian sexually active female adults between the ages of 18 and 50 years old were recruited for this study. Vaginal (HVS) and urine samples were collected from each participant, and T. vaginalis infection was assessed based on culture, direct wet mount, and ELISA methods. Results The prevalence of T. vaginalis infection based on the ELISA method, HVS culture, and HVS wet mount were 7.2%, 5.0%, and 1.7%, respectively. Urine culture presented with a 0.6% prevalence rate while urine direct wet mount detected no positive case. There was no statistically significant association between demographic and clinical characteristics and T. vaginalis infection, except for subjects presenting with abdominal pain [OR = 5.42, 95% CI (1.35–21.73), p = 0.017]. Using HVS culture as the reference, ELISA performed best compared to the other methods assessed in this study, presenting with the highest sensitivity [88.9%, 95% CI (54.0–99.8)], specificity [97.1%, 95% CI (93.1–98.9)], AUC (93.0%), and accuracy (96.7%). Conclusion The prevalence of T. vaginalis infection is high among women in Ghana. With the exception of abdominal pain, there is no significant association between demographic and clinical characteristics and T. vaginalis infection. In the event where the culture method is unavailable or when rapid diagnosis is required, antigenic detection using ELISA is the most accurate for the diagnosis of T. vaginalis infection in women compared to urine wet-mount/culture and the HVS wet-mount method.

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“…Trichomoniasis is also associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as preoperative rupture of membrane, pre-term birth, and low birth weight babies [11]. It can also lead to infertility and PID in women of the reproductive age group [12]. Literature suggests an association between Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) and cervical neoplasia [13].…”

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confidence: 99%

Vaginitis in women of reproductive age group: A hospital-based study from North India

Singh¹,

Saha²,

Suneja³

et al. 2020

Eastern J Med Sci

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Background: Vaginal discharge is a common problem faced by women of the reproductive age group seeking consultation in the gynecology outpatient department (GOPD). If not treated, it can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility and further complicate pregnancy. Objective: The present study explores the etiology and clinical presentations of vaginal discharge among women of reproductive age presenting to the GOPD of our tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: The study group comprised of 200 sexually active women of age group ≥18 years attending our GOPD. Four vaginal swabs were taken from the posterior fornix under aseptic condition. Direct wet mount microscopy, gram stain, and culture on Sabaroud's dextrose agar and Kupferberg media were carried out. Results: Prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis, bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, and mixed infection was 30%, 20%, 2%, and 2%, respectively. Candida albicans were present in 55% patients and non-albicans Candida in 45%. The most common associated presenting symptom of patients presenting with the discharge was lower abdominal pain. Conclusion: Simple diagnostic techniques such as microscopy and culture help in diagnosis and the precise management process of such women presenting with discharge and thus circumvent impending complication.

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Prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection among Egyptian women using culture and Latex agglutination: cross-sectional study

Cited by 29 publications

References 12 publications

A Study ofTrichomonas vaginalisInfection and Correlates in Women with Vaginal Discharge Referred at Fann Teaching Hospital in Senegal

A Study ofTrichomonas vaginalisInfection and Correlates in Women with Vaginal Discharge Referred at Fann Teaching Hospital in Senegal

Prevalence and the evaluation of culture, wet mount, and ELISA methods for the diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis infection among Ghanaian women using urine and vaginal specimens

Vaginitis in women of reproductive age group: A hospital-based study from North India

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