Prevalence of Tuberculosis among Presumptive Tuberculosis Patients Offered HIV Testing Services in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja Nigeria

Abstract

Tuberculosis is a communicable disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, considered a major risk to global health security. This study determined the prevalence, treatment outcomes, and factors associated with tuberculosis among 737 presumptive tuberculosis patients in Federal Capital Territory Abuja, Nigeria from 1st April 2019 to 30th May 2021 through retrospective cross-sectional study and multi-stage sampling. From Non-Municipal Area Councils, Bwari was selected while from Health Facilities, General Hospital Bwari and Gwarimpa were selected from Bwari and Abuja Municipal Area Council respectively by simple random sampling and data abstractions were done and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0 Software. The prevalence of tuberculosis amongst the patients was 19.4%. The tuberculosis treatment outcome showed that 66.4% were cured, 14.7% completed treatment, 7.0% failed treatment, 5.6% lost to follow-up and 0.7% removed from the Register. The prevalence of tuberculosis in the Bwari Area Council was 8.2%. The association between Area Council of Resident and tuberculosis was significant (p = 0.001). Patients that reside in Bwari Area Council were 0.078 times less likely to have tuberculosis compared to those who reside in Abuja Municipal Area Council and, Area Council of Residence was a predictor of tuberculosis (aOR = 0.001; 95% C.I. = 0.043 - 0.141). The prevalence of tuberculosis amongst patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus was 29.6%. The association was significant (p = 0.001) but not a predictor of tuberculosis (aOR = 0.840; 95% C.I. = 0.617 - 1.810). Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Presumptive, Tuberculosis.