Prevalence of Tuberculosis in Al-Falluja, Iraq 2012-2018

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis is an infectious bacterial disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis and produce tubercle in tissue, affect mainly the lung (pulmonary TB) but can affect any other part of body (extra-pulmonary TB). Objective: This study aimed at studying the prevalence of tuberculosis in Al-Falluja city, Iraq for the period of 2012-2018. Method: By retrospective study, the following data were studied from patient record at Al-Wihdda health center in Al-Fallujah, Iraq (age, gender, and type of tuberculosis)Result: The total number of the patients in 2012 were 86 cases. Females were affected more than male, The ratio (female 47=55% and male 39=45%). The patients of age group (15-24) year old had experienced detected Tuberculosis cases of N (SS+). Females of age group of (65 and more) year old had experienced detected Tuberculosis cases of EPTB. All cases of Relapse were had detected in males. EPTB and N (SS+) more than others in this year. The total number of patients in 2013 were 102cases. Females were affected more than male, the ratio (female 52=51% and male 50=49%). Female patients in age group of (15-24) and (25-34) year old had experienced detected Tuberculosis cases of N (SS+), Males in age group of (0-1) year old had experienced detected Tuberculosis cases of EPTB, females in age group of (55-64)year old had experienced detected Tuberculosis cases of EPTB while in age group of (15-24) year old males had experienced detected Tuberculosis cases of EPTB more than females. Males in age group of (65 and more) year old had experienced detected Tuberculosis cases of Relapse more than females. Females in age group of (55-64) year old had experienced detected Tuberculosis cases of N (SS-). EPTB and N (SS+) more than other types in this year. The total number of the patients in 2017 were 51 cases. Females were affected more than males, the ratio (female 27=53% and male 24=47%). Male patients had experienced detected Tuberculosis cases of EPTB, Relapse, and N (SS-) more than females. Females had experienced detected tuberculosis cases of N (SS+). EPTB and N (SS+) more than other types in this year. The Total number of the patients in 2018 were 60 cases. Females were affected more than males, the ratio (female36=60% and male 24=40%). Female patients in age group of (5-14) year old had experienced detected Tuberculosis cases of EPTB, male in age group of (55)(56)(57)(58)(59)(60)(61)(62)(63)(64) year old had experienced detected Tuberculosis cases of N (SS+). Females had experienced detected Tuberculosis cases of Relapse, N (SS-) and (ND, NA) more than males. EPTB and N (SS+) more than other types in this year. Conclusion: Female patients are affected more than male by Tuberculosis. Recommendation: Our study can recommend: 1) Spreading health awareness about tuberculosis as a health problem for all people by organize an awareness program in which people learn about what is Tuberculosis and how to benefit from its treatment. 2) Tuberculosis care through the Iraqi Ministry of Health.