Prevalence of Types and Patterns of Colorectal Polyps Detected During Colonoscopy

Abstract

Background: Colorectal polyps are abnormal growths of tissue projecting from the mucosa of the large bowel. They may be classified according to their morphology (sessile or pedunculated), histology (hyperplastic, adenoma, etc.), and behavior (benign or malignant). Aim: to identify the prevalence, types and patterns of colorectal polyps in a cohort of patients presenting to endoscopy unit at Benha University Hospital during the period of study. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 patients referred to the endoscopy unit of the Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Department in Benha University Hospital for colonoscopy, during the period from April 2021 to June 2022. The patients were subjected to informed consent, Full medical history, Clinical examination, Laboratory investigations (CBC, INR). Results: The most common site of polyps was sigmoid colon (30.8%), followed by rectal region (15.4%), the studied polyps were neoplastic in 29 patients (55.8%) and non-neoplastic in 23 patients (44.2%). neoplastic group had statistically higher age, higher frequency of smokers and family history of colonic polyp, lower hemoglobin compared to non-neoplastic group. neoplastic group, the most common site was sigmoid colon and distributed all over colon (20.7% for both) followed by cecum (17.2%), While in non-neoplastic group the most common site was sigmoid (43.5%) followed by rectum (26.1%). Conclusion: Polyps were identified in (13%) of patients, the studied polyps were neoplastic in (55.8%) of patients and non-neoplastic in (44.2%) of patients.