Prevalence of Urolithiasis in Kaizuka City, Japan—An Epidemiologic Study of Urinary Stones

Abstract

Background: According to the results of nationwide surveys, the prevalence of urolithiasis has been steadily increasing in Japan. However, these surveys relied on hospital statistics, and there has been no survey of the prevalence of urolithiasis in Japan utilizing postal questionnaires. We surveyed the prevalence of urolithiasis among the inhabitants of Kaizuka City. Methods: A total of 3,000 inhabitants ranging from 20 to 59 years old were randomly selected from the census register in numbers consistent with the population distribution of each district and sex by municipal computerized system. Results: A total of 1,975 postal questionnaires were returned, and 1,972 (65.7%) were considered valid. Of the respondents, 137 (6.95%) had a history of stones (men; 9.64%, women; 4.51%). The annual incidence of urolithiasis for Kaizuka citizens aged from 20 to 59 years old in 1991 was 0.97%, and the lifetime prevalence of urolithiasis increased linearly with age, and it was 10.3% for respondents in their 50s. In the total survey population of 7,568, which included the respondents and their family members, 342 (4.52%) had a history of stones. Male administrative workers had a significantly higher prevalence than any other occupational group. The monthly expenditure on food by the families of stone formers was significantly greater than that by the families of non-stone formers.Conclusion: Extrapolation of the findings suggests that >lo% of the general population (>13% of men and >7% of women) can be expected to suffer from urolithiasis at least once in their lifetime.

Risk factors for urinary tract calculi in Trinidad

“…A pre‐ponderance of the sedentary, affluent and administrative classes among affected persons has been described in previous studies (Kodama & Ohno 1989; Iguchi et al . 1996).…”

“…1997), ethnicity (Kodama & Ohno 1989), past medical history (Robertson et al . 1983), social class and profession (Iguchi et al . 1996), nutritional factors and inherent genetic pre‐disposition (Ljunghall 1979; Ekane et al .…”

“…Several epidemiological factors have been implicated in a pre-disposition to urinary stone disease. These include age (Kodama & Ohno 1989;Joual et al 1997;Kim et al 1998), gender (Kodama & Ohno 1989;Baker et al 1993;Joual et al 1997), ethnicity (Kodama & Ohno 1989), past medical history (Robertson et al 1983), social class and profession (Iguchi et al 1996), nutritional factors and inherent genetic pre-disposition (Ljunghall 1979 1997). This study attempted to determine whether these epidemiological influences were associated with stone formation in Trinidad and Tobago.…”

Prevalencia y factores de riesgo en Yucatán, México, para litiasis urinaria

“…Uno de los pocos estudios que muestra una prevalencia elevada comparable se efectuó en Kaizuka, Japón; los autores detectaron una prevalencia de 4.5% en población general, la cual también se incrementaba con la edad, de modo que 10.3% de los sujetos mayores de 50 años padecen la enfermedad, lo cual es muy similar a nuestros hallazgos. 18 En este estudio un factor de riesgo importante para LD y LP fue el antecedente de urolitiasis en padres o hermanos de los sujetos afectados. Estudios previos han hallado una forma de transmisión autosómica dominante en pacientes con hipercalciuria idiopá-tica 19,20 en quienes la urolitiasis es relativamente común.…”

Comparison of demographic data in patients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotomy in Southeastern Anatolia and the Black Sea region: A multicenter study

“…[1][2][3][4][5] Yapılan çalışmalarda taş Amerika Birleşik Devletlerinde %2-8, Avrupa'da %1-5, Japonya'da %7, Güney Kore'de %3,5 oranında rapor edilmiş olup, üriner sistem taş hastalığının endemik olarak gözlendiği ülkemizde %14,8 olarak bildirilmektedir. [2][3][4][5][6] Çalışmalarda hassas görüntüleme yöntemleri ve yaşlı nüfusun artışına paralel olarak 20. yüzyılın son çeyreğinde bu oranların tüm Dünya genelinde artmakta olduğu belirtilmektedir. [1,7] Ülkemizde coğrafi bölgeler arasında da, yöreye özgün diyet alışkanlıkları, iklim şartları ve sıvı tüketim miktarındaki değişikliklere bağlı taş insidansı farklılık gösterebilmektedir.…”