Prevalence of Visceral Leishmaniasis Among Adults in Sana’a City-Yemen

Abu-Hurub, Ameera Saleh; Okbah, Amin Abdulkarem; Al-Dweelah, Hassan Mohammed Ali; Al-Moyed, Khaled A.; Al-Kholani, Abdulwahab Ismail Mohamed; Al-Najhi, Mohammed Mohammed Ali; Al-Shamahy, Hassan Abdulwahab

doi:10.22270/ujpr.v7i2.745

Cited by 5 publications

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“…This finding was higher than the study done by Al-Kamel in Yemen in 2016 24 (3.3%), but lower than that reported by Al-Shamahy 1998 12 where the prevalence was (34.7%; 99/285) among school children from endemic areas of infantile visceral leishmaniasis in Sana'a and Hajjah governorates. Also, the current study rate (5.8%) is almost similar to the recently reported rate in Sana'a city among adults attending hospitals (6%) 23 . The current study rate is also lower than that reported in the Ethiopian Somali region (15.8%) 25 , Ethiopia (21%) 26 and eastern Sudan (32%) 33 where age was an independent factor for VL infection 34 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Seroprevalence of Visceral Leishmaniasis and Its Associated Factors Among Asymptomatic Children in Hadhramout Valley and Desert Regions, Yemen

Al-Dweelah

Al-Moyed²,

Al-Shamahy³

et al. 2023

Univ J Pharm Res

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Background and Aims: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is zoonotic and human illness produced by Leishmania species. Protozoan parasite is spread to the host vertebrate via sand fly female bite (Phlebotomus longipalpis), in which the infected promastigotes convert into amastigotes; and VL is associated with high fatality if left untreated. The aims of the current study were to uncover the prevalence and potential risk factors for VL in children in selected districts of Hadhramout governorate, Yemen. Subjects and methods: Six districts were randomly selected from 24 districts in Hadhramout governorate as follows: Al-Sum, Al-Qattan, Tarim, Thamud, Seiyun, and Shibam. Then a target sample size of 400 children were randomly selected, 66 children were selected from each district except 70 children in Seiyun and they were selected from the selected schools and health centers. Serum specimens were assemble from all children to determine the rate of anti-VL antibodies in human by immunochromatographic assay using recombinant K39 antigen. Results: The age of the children from 1-15 years, by a mean of 8.4±2.7 years. The positivity rate of Leishmania species antibodies by immune-chromatographic dipstick strip (rK39) was 5.8%. There was statistically considerable association connecting male gender and VL infection (8.0%, OR=3, CI=1.1-8.2, p=0.02). There was statistically important association linking older children (11-15 years( and contracting VL (9.1%, OR=2.6, CI=1.1- 6.2, p=0.02). There was a considerable association (<0.05) connecting the presence of rats, dogs, and goats in or around live houses and positive VL antibodies with an OR come to to 2.6, 3.7 and 2.8, respectively. There was no significant association between displacement or district location and incidence of VL. Conclusion: Visceral leishmaniasis was highly prevalent in the desert and the valley areas of Hadramout among children, and visceral leishmaniasis potential risk factors were males, older children, dogs, rats, goats, litter, open sewers, and the presence of sand flies in the household. Peer Review History: Received: 8 November 2022; Revised: 12 December; Accepted: 5 January 2023, Available online: 15 January 2023 Academic Editor: Dr. Nuray Arı, Ankara University, Turkiye, ari@ankara.edu.tr Received file: Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.5/10 Reviewers: Dr. Bilge Ahsen KARA, Ankara Gazi Mustafa Kemal Hospital, Turkey, ahsndkyc@gmail.com Rola Jadallah, Arab American University, Palestine, rola@aauj.edu Similar Articles: PREVALENCE OF VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS AMONG ADULTS IN SANA’A CITY-YEMEN COUMARIN ANALOGUES AS A POTENTIAL INHIBITOR OF LEISHMANIASIS: A MULTI-TARGETING PROTEIN INHIBITION APPROACH BY MOLECULAR DOCKING IN VITRO ANTI-LEISHMANIAL ACTIVITY AGAINST CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIA PARASITES AND PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF FOUR YEMENI MEDICINAL PLANTS

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Seroprevalence of Visceral Leishmaniasis and Its Associated Factors Among Asymptomatic Children in Hadhramout Valley and Desert Regions, Yemen

Al-Dweelah

Al-Moyed²,

Al-Shamahy³

et al. 2023

Univ J Pharm Res

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“…The goal is to have a greater impact on public health, with early diagnosis and appropriate treatment aimed at enhancing survival and minimizing potential consequences. According to the limited Yemeni cancer studies, the most common types of cancers among Yemeni children and adults are leukemia (33.1%), lymphoma (31.5%), central nervous system tumors (7.2%), and bone tumors (5.2%) [17][18][19][20][21][22], while there are new published reports indicating an increased interest in communicable and non-communicable diseases that are closely linked to war, poverty, and the collapse of health systems in Yemen [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. But there is insufficient data on the clinical symptoms of acute leukemia in Yemen, especially in the study area, so this crosssectional study aimed to determine the clinical form of acute leukemia among children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Presentations of Acute Leukemia in Children’s Cancer Units at Al-Kuwait Hospital, Sana’a City: A Cross-Sectional Study

2023

J Clin Res Med

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Background and aims: Leukemia is a heterogeneous group of blood disorders consisting of several diverse and biologically distinct subgroups. Leukemia is the eleventh and tenth most common cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide, respectively. There are insufficient data on clinical symptoms of acute leukemia in Yemen, particularly in the study area. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to determine the clinical form of acute leukemia among children with leukemia in pediatric cancer units of Kuwait Hospital, Sana'a City. Patients and method:A cross-sectional study was conducted on children with leukemia who were selectively treated in pediatric leukemia units at Kuwait Hospital in Sana'a. The mass diagnosis and histopathological prognosis in line with the French, American and British classifications of pediatric leukemia were formed in pediatric leukemia units, over a period of 7 years from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2021. Factors associated with leukemia such as age, sex, clinical symptoms and outcome were studied. Results:The mean ± SD age of all cases was 7.96 ± 3.93 years. Most of the cases were in the age group 6-10 years (67.8%), followed by the age group 11-15 years (25.1%). As for gender, slightly more of the cases were males (53.3%), VS 46.7% in females (ratio=1.14-1). The cure rate was 40.56% while the death rate was 20 cases (6.19%). The relapse rate was 2.2%. The rest of the cases were in maintenance therapy (31.6%), induction therapy (15.2%), and consolidation (post-remission therapy) for 4.33% of cases. Most cases were ALL (83.3%) while AML was only 16.7%. The most common symptom was fever (78.3%), followed by pallor (34.4%), bleeding disorders (31.9%), and abdominal pain/distention (26.9%). Hepatomegaly was recorded in 5.6%, splenomegaly in 12.1%, lymphadenopathy in 10.8%, and 18.6% of the total patients had enlargement of all three organs. Conclusion: ALL is the most common type of leukemia. The male-to-female ratio is roughly equal, and young children between the ages of 6-10 are most affected by leukemia. More comprehensive investigations of relevant factors and predictors using more recent diagnostic methods and investigation of association factors with valuation of the treatment protocols currently in use are needed.

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“…The population of Yemen in general and Sana'a in particular suffer from an insecure pace of life and may suffer from psychological and physical stress that can affect their mental health. It is clear that there are limited studies in Yemen that study and discuss infectious diseases [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20], immunological diseases, antimicrobial resistance, etc. [21][22][23], but unfortunately there are no studies on mental health in Yemen in general and schizophrenia in particular.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia in Yemen

Al-Sharabi,

Al-Shamahy

2023

jchm

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Background and objective: The way we think about schizophrenia today is profoundly different from the way this illness was seen in the twentieth century. We now know that the etiology of schizophrenia is multifactorial and reflects an interaction between genetic vulnerability and environmental contributors. Environmental risk factors such as pregnancy and birth complications, childhood trauma, migration, social isolation, urbanicity, and substance abuse, alone and in combination, acting at a number of levels over time, influence the individual’s likelihood to develop the disorder. There are no studies on mental health in Yemen in general and schizophrenia in particular. Thus, the aim of this study was to study the non-genetic risk factors of schizophrenia. The specific objectives were to compare exposure to suspected risk factors for schizophrenia in a cohort of schizophrenia patients with those randomly selected from the community. Methods: The researchers approached inpatient in Al-Amal Hospital for Psychiatric Diseases with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Patients from this list were then randomly selected using the card-shuffling technique. Patients were included in the study if a review of their records confirmed a diagnosis of schizophrenia according to DSM IV criteria, they were ≥18 years old, and had attended the clinics between the period January 2021 and December 2021. Controls were from general population by selected randomly from the list of censuses by simple random selection from Sana’a governorate. Results: Regarding associated risk factors of schizophrenia, there was significant association with low income (OR= 7.1), loss work (OR=57), smoking (OR=5.9) , Khat chewing (OR=12.4), birth complications (OR=7.2) , 1-6 Apgar scores (OR=1.8), older paternal age (OR=3.2), the spring birth (OR=2.2), and winter birth (OR=1.9), childhood trauma (OR=1.9), cannabis (OR=7.4), hypertension(OR=4.7) , and diabetics (OR=6.6). Conclusion: Future research in Yemen should also explore potential protective factors in groups at risk for psychotic disorders. A new area of research should involve big data and predictive models, by replacing traditional paper notes with electronic patient records.

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Prevalence of Visceral Leishmaniasis Among Adults in Sana’a City-Yemen

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Seroprevalence of Visceral Leishmaniasis and Its Associated Factors Among Asymptomatic Children in Hadhramout Valley and Desert Regions, Yemen

Seroprevalence of Visceral Leishmaniasis and Its Associated Factors Among Asymptomatic Children in Hadhramout Valley and Desert Regions, Yemen

Clinical Presentations of Acute Leukemia in Children’s Cancer Units at Al-Kuwait Hospital, Sana’a City: A Cross-Sectional Study

Non-Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia in Yemen

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