Prevalence, Predictors and Correlates of Religious and Spiritual Struggles in Palliative Cancer Patients

Damen, Annelieke; Exline, Julie J.; Pargäment, Kenneth I.; Yao, Yingwei; Chochinov, Harvey Max; Emanuel, Linda L.; Handzo, George; Wilkie, Diana J.; Fitchett, George

doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2021.04.024

Cited by 29 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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Section: Development Of the Rss-14mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before the present paper was written, several other projects used the RSS-14 (e.g., Damen et al, 2021;Exline et al, 2021;Sandage et al, 2022;Wilt et al, 2019Wilt et al, , 2021. Some of this work was in clinical samples (Damen et al, 2021;Sandage et al, 2022). Although not designed as formal validation projects, these studies provided initial data on descriptive statistics, reliability of subscales, and validityrelated correlates with indicators of emotional distress (Damen et al, 2021;Sandage et al, 2022;Wilt et al, 2021) and religiousness (Exline et al, 2021;Wilt et al, 2019).…”

Section: Development Of the Rss-14mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The RSS-14: Development and preliminary validation of a 14-item form of the Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale.

Exline¹,

Pargäment²,

Grubbs³

et al. 2023

Psychology of Religion and Spirituality

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The Religious and Spiritual Struggles (RSS) Scale (Exline, Pargament, Grubbs, & Yali, 2014) is a 26-item measure assessing six types of religious/spiritual (r/s) struggles: divine, demonic, interpersonal (IP), moral, ultimate meaning (Ult. mean.), and doubt. A need has emerged for shorter measures when administration of the full RSS is not practical. The Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale-14 (RSS-14) uses 14 items drawn directly from the full RSS, with subscales of two or three items each (vs. 4 or 5 items each on the RSS). Following preregistered hypotheses and analysis plans, our aim here was to gather initial data on the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the RSS-14 drawing from a longitudinal, Internet sample of U.S. adults who had reported some r/s struggle on an initial six-item screener (N = 2,889). Structural analyses at the 2-week (N = 1,911; Wave 1) and 4-week (N = 1,003; Wave 2) timepoints suggested a good fit for the sixfactor model, although this structure emerged only in confirmatory analyses, not in exploratory analyses. Wave 1 analyses suggested reasonable evidence of reliability and validity (emphasizing convergent validity), using preregistered hypotheses with measures similar to those from the original RSS validation study (e.g., anger toward God, attributions for a specific struggle, depression, anxiety, other distress, and struggle indicators). RSS-14 scores correlated positively with religious participation (Rlg. partic.) and negatively with social desirability, as expected, suggesting that it may be wise to control these variables when doing analyses with the RSS-14. Taken together, these findings provide preliminary support for the RSS-14 as a relatively brief measure of r/s struggles.

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Section: Development Of the Rss-14mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Development Of the Rss-14mentioning

confidence: 99%

The RSS-14: Development and preliminary validation of a 14-item form of the Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale.

Exline¹,

Pargäment²,

Grubbs³

et al. 2023

Psychology of Religion and Spirituality

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“…Be that as it may, spiritual struggles are associated with severe anxiety and depression [ 87 ], psychological distress [ 88 ] and less positive mental health [ 89 ], which could explain, in turn, the serious consequences of mistrust in God. Even in the specific case of cancer, the religious/spiritual struggle was associated with greater symptom burden and poorer quality of life [ 90 ], as well as greater depression [ 91 ]. At this point, it is worth noting that there are other religious/spiritual constructs that, as in the case of spiritual struggles, have a negative impact on people’s psychological well-being, such as spiritual bypass [ 13 ] or guilt [ 92 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Religiosity, Emotions and Health: The Role of Trust/Mistrust in God in People Affected by Cancer

et al. 2022

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Trust in God implies the conviction that God looks after a person’s own interests. The first evidence of a relationship between this construct and people’s psychological and emotional health dates back several centuries. However, the literature on this is limited, especially for people with physical health conditions, such as cancer. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to test the relationships between trust/mistrust in God, social support and emotions in people affected by cancer. The sample consisted of 177 women and men in Spain diagnosed with cancer. The instruments used were the Trust/Mistrust in God Scale, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were performed to compare several explanatory models for the dependent variables: positive and negative emotions. The results show significant relationships between all variables. It was observed that, when trust/mistrust in God is included in the model, only mistrust in God predicts both types of emotions. In addition, both social support and some sociodemographic variables help to predict the dependent variables. This study shows that valuing the religiosity and spirituality of oncology patients in healthcare settings can have a significant positive impact on the health of these individuals. Moreover, it represents an important approach to the study of trust/mistrust in God in the context of a traditionally Catholic country.

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“…Negative religious coping is a form of personal religious struggle (Park, Edmondson, Hale-Smith, & Blank, 2009;Taylor, Chatters, Woodward, Boddie, & Peterson, 2021) and is distinct from having a theological belief that illness is a punishment for sin. Religious struggle can be interpersonal (feelings of upset with one's religious community) or intrapersonal (struggles with one's religious beliefs and one's behavior falling short of those beliefs) or can involve a person's perception of the Divine (Damen, et al, 2021;Hill & Pargament, 2003).…”

Section: Purposementioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of African American Belief in Illness as Punishment for Sin

Schulz¹,

Bay²,

Clark³

et al. 2021

Spiritual Psychology and Counseling

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Prevalence, Predictors and Correlates of Religious and Spiritual Struggles in Palliative Cancer Patients

Cited by 29 publications

References 47 publications

The RSS-14: Development and preliminary validation of a 14-item form of the Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale.

The RSS-14: Development and preliminary validation of a 14-item form of the Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale.

Religiosity, Emotions and Health: The Role of Trust/Mistrust in God in People Affected by Cancer

Predictors of African American Belief in Illness as Punishment for Sin

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