Prevalence, risk factors, and geographical distribution of zoonotic pathogens carried by peri-urban wild dogs

Harriott, Lana

doi:10.14264/uql.2018.223

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 254 publications

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“…Our regional pet dog population, however, also demonstrated low rates of Brucella spp. exposure, in contrast to earlier studies on pet dogs 37, 38 . Feeding feral pig meat to dogs is a risk factor for B .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

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Detection of Brucella spp. during a serosurvey of pig‐hunting and regional pet dogs in eastern Australia

et al. 2022

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Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease with worldwide distribution. Brucella suis serotype 1 is thought to be maintained in the Australian feral pig population, with disease prevalence higher in Queensland (Qld) than New South Wales (NSW). Pig hunting is a popular recreational activity in rural Qld and NSW, with feral pigs in these states thought to carry B. suis. Brucellosis associated with B. suis has been diagnosed in dogs engaged in pig hunting in some of these areas. A total of 431 dogs from northern Qld and north‐west NSW were recruited. Two distinct cohorts of clinically healthy dogs were tested – (1) 96 dogs from central, north and far north Queensland actively engaged in pig‐hunting and (2) 335 dogs from rural and remote north‐west NSW that were primarily companion (non‐pig hunting) animals. Serum samples were tested for antibodies to Brucella spp. using the Rose Bengal test (RBT) test followed by complement fixation testing (CFT) for RBT‐positive samples. A subset of samples was retested using RBT and CFT. Seven dogs were considered seropositive for B. suis from Qld and remote NSW, including 4/96 (4.2%; 95% CI 3.5% to 4.3%) from the pig‐hunting cohort and 3/335 (0.9%) from the regional pet dog cohort. The use of RBT and CFT in dogs to detect anti‐Brucella antibodies requires validation. Veterinarians treating pig‐hunting dogs and physicians treating pig hunters in central, north and far north Qld need to be aware of the zoonotic risk posed by B. suis to these groups.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…exposure, in contrast to earlier studies on pet dogs. 37,38 Feeding feral pig meat to dogs is a risk factor for B. suis infection, 20 therefore it is possible that exposure for both pig-hunting dogs and regional pet dogs in remote regions came from contaminated pig meat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Brucella spp. during a serosurvey of pig‐hunting and regional pet dogs in eastern Australia

et al. 2022

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“…The carcasses of 201 wild dogs captured and culled between August 2012 and May 2015 from peri-urban regions of South East Queensland (SEQ) and Northern New South Wales (NSW) were supplied by local councils, for a study investigating pathogens of public health or economic significance [ 24 ]. Ethics approval was granted by the University of Queensland AEC (Animal Ethics Committee) (SVS/145/13).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the presence of CPV in Australian wild dogs has not been investigated. Wild and feral dogs are distributed throughout Australia, ranging from remote, isolated regions to peri-urban areas [ 23 ], though wild-dog numbers are not well documented [ 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic and Geospatial Evidence of Canine Parvovirus Transmission between Wild Dogs and Domestic Dogs at the Urban Fringe in Australia

Kelman

Harriott²,

Carrai

et al. 2020

Viruses

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Canine parvovirus (CPV) is an important cause of disease in domestic dogs. Sporadic cases and outbreaks occur across Australia and worldwide and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Whether transmission of CPV occurs between owned dogs and populations of wild dogs, including Canis familiaris, Canis lupus dingo and hybrids, is not known. To investigate the role of wild dogs in CPV epidemiology in Australia, PCR was used to detect CPV DNA in tissue from wild dogs culled in the peri-urban regions of two Australian states, between August 2012 and May 2015. CPV DNA was detected in 4.7% (8/170). There was a strong geospatial association between wild-dog CPV infections and domestic-dog CPV cases reported to a national disease surveillance system between 2009 and 2015. Postcodes in which wild dogs tested positive for CPV were 8.63 times more likely to also have domestic-dog cases reported than postcodes in which wild dogs tested negative (p = 0.0332). Phylogenetic analysis of CPV VP2 sequences from wild dogs showed they were all CPV-2a variants characterized by a novel amino acid mutation (21-Ala) recently identified in CPV isolates from owned dogs in Australia with parvoviral enteritis. Wild-dog CPV VP2 sequences were compared to those from owned domestic dogs in Australia. For one domestic-dog case located approximately 10 km from a wild-dog capture location, and reported 3.5 years after the nearest wild dog was sampled, the virus was demonstrated to have a closely related common ancestor. This study provides phylogenetic and geospatial evidence of CPV transmission between wild and domestic dogs in Australia.

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“…Periurban wild dogs act as definitive hosts for a variety of parasites of public health significance (e.g. Echinococcus granulosus, hookworms, Toxocara canis) (Allen et al 2013;Harriott 2018). The lifecycles of many of these parasites are perpetuated by the ingestion of parasite stages in intermediate or paratenic hosts that are naturally preferred prey species (Jenkins and MacPherson 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between diet of periurban wild dogs and zoonotic pathogen carriage

Harriott

Gentle²,

Traub

et al. 2019

Aust. Mammalogy

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Established wildlife populations in periurban environments provide an opportunity to spread zoonotic pathogens within human-associated environments. Characteristics of prevalent pathogens harboured by periurban wild dogs suggest that dietary preference could influence their infection status; however, data comparing diet composition and pathogen presence are rarely available. We analysed the stomach contents of 170 periurban wild dogs (Canis familiaris) for the occurrence and biomass of prey items, and then associated this with their known infection status of key zoonotic pathogens. The staple prey items detected were mammalian prey species, most commonly swamp wallabies (Wallabia bicolor) (20.6±6.1%), canines (C. familiaris) (prey) (10.6±4.6%), eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) (10.0±4.5%), and deer (various species) (10.0±4.5%). Unidentified bird species (10.0±4.5%) were also common. Wild dogs that were positive for Echinococcus granulosus were significantly more likely to have consumed swamp wallabies. These findings demonstrate the importance of managing both the definitive and intermediate stages of E. granulosus, and suggest that diet correlates with pathogen presence in some cases. This information may assist the development of specific strategies to manage zoonotic pathogens of wild dogs, which are currently lacking.

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Prevalence, risk factors, and geographical distribution of zoonotic pathogens carried by peri-urban wild dogs

Cited by 5 publications

References 254 publications

Detection of Brucella spp. during a serosurvey of pig‐hunting and regional pet dogs in eastern Australia

Detection of Brucella spp. during a serosurvey of pig‐hunting and regional pet dogs in eastern Australia

Phylogenetic and Geospatial Evidence of Canine Parvovirus Transmission between Wild Dogs and Domestic Dogs at the Urban Fringe in Australia

The association between diet of periurban wild dogs and zoonotic pathogen carriage

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