Prevalence, risk factors and treatment practices in diarrhoeal diseases in south India

Joseph, Nitin; Suvarna, Punya; Bharadwaj, Suchaita; Dhanush, K. S.; Raeesa, Fathima; Jasir, K. K. Mohamed; Joseph, Nita; Kotian, Sushma R; Rai, Sharada

doi:10.1007/s12199-016-0521-7

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The rst section consisted of the demographic information of the participants, the second, third and fourth sections consisted of questions on knowledge, attitude and practice of self-medication for diarrhoea respectively. After collecting the questionnaire the data were analysed using Microsoft Excel and results were expressed as mean and 9,11,12 percentage.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Self Medication for Diarrhoeaamong Undergraduate Medical Students in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Assam

Das

Gohain

2020

ijsr

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Introduction: Self medication is referred to the use of medications to treat self-diagnosed disorders or symptoms without a valid prescription. Self medication practice is seen widely due to availability of over the counter drugs and lack of awareness of adverse drug reactions. Aims and Objectives: To study the knowledge, attitude and practice of self medication for diarrhoea among undergraduate medical students in a tertiary care hospital of Assam. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire based study was carried out among the Undergraduate medical students of Assam Medical College & Hospital, Dibrugarh. The questionnaire was designed to assess the Knowledge, attitude and practice of self-medication for diarrhoea. A total of 130 students were included in the study after obtaining written informed consent from them. The data of the completely filled up questionnaire was analyzed and presented as mean and percentage. Results: Out of 130 students 89.23% practised self-medication for diarrhoea. The most common cause of self medication practice was to save time and source of information was from medical textbooks. The most common source of medicines was medical stores and commonly used drugs for diarrhoea were ORS, Metronidazole, Ofloxacin, probiotics and anti-motility drugs. Only 17.25% of students had awareness of the harmful effects of self medication for diarrhoea. Conclusion: There is high prevalence of self-medication practice to treat diarrhoea among undergraduate medical students which necessitates proper education and awareness regarding the benefits and hazards associated with self medication practice.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Self Medication for Diarrhoeaamong Undergraduate Medical Students in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Assam

Das

Gohain

2020

ijsr

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“…In our setting, the zinc use rate of 2% was much lower than the national average rate of approximately 30% [3]. Moreover, there is a severe lack of knowledge on zinc use among mothers in India and other resource-poor countries [30][31][32]. This lack of knowledge and low acceptance for ORS and zinc use among community members/mothers are prevalent despite the fact that ORS and zinc tablets are offered free of cost by the government health sector and are offered at the doorstep by front-line health care workers in India.…”

Section: Metronidazole 16%mentioning

confidence: 68%

Community-Based Participatory Research and Drug Utilization Research to improve Childhood Diarrhea Case Management in Ujjain, India: A Cross Sectional Survey<strong> </strong>

Mathur¹,

Baghel²,

Jaat³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Childhood diarrhea continues to be a major cause of under-five (U-5) mortality globally and in India. In this study, 1571 U-5 children residing in nine rural villages and four urban slums in Ujjain, India were included with the objective to use community participation and drug utilization research to improve diarrheal case management. The mean age was 2.08 years, with 297 (19%), children living in high diarrheal index households. Most mothers (70%) considered stale food, teething (62%) and hot weather (55%) as causes of diarrhea. Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH)-related characteristics revealed that most (93%) households had toilets, but only 23% children used them. The study identified ineffective household water treatment by filtration through cloth by most (93%) households and dumping of household waste on streets (89%). The results revealed low community awareness of correct causes of diarrhea (poor hand hygiene, 21%; littering around the household, 15%) and of correct diarrhea treatment (oral rehydration solution [ORS] and zinc use, 29% and 11%, respectively) and a high antibiotic prescription rate by health care providers (83%). Based on the results of the present study, context-specific house-to-house interventions will be designed and implemented.

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“…11 Similarly, another study conducted in India found the prevalence of diarrhea significantly decreased with increasing age. 4 In Malaysia, the Third National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS III), reported higher incidence of acute diarrhea in young adults aged 20-29 years compared with adults aged 30-39 years. 43 They proposed a possible reason could be their lifestyle and eating habits rather than their inherent vulnerability to develop intestinal infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,2 While diarrhea is a global problem, the burden of morbidity and mortality is unequally distributed with greater impact on low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to finite resources, weak infrastructure to manage diarrheal burden, a vicious cycle between malnutrition and infection, and underdeveloped pre-hospital transport systems. 1,3,4 Patients with acute diarrhea require detailed clinical evaluation to guide treatment. In LMICs, infections due to Vibrio cholerae, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), and Shigella are the most common causes of diarrhea in adults, 5,6 but a variety of other infectious bacteria, including viruses and parasites, are also responsible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical, Sociodemographic and Environmental Risk Factors for Acute Bacterial Diarrhea among Adults and Children over Five Years in Bangladesh

Nasrin

Garbern

Gainey

et al. 2022

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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In 2016, diarrheal disease was the eighth leading cause of mortality globally accounting for over 1.6 million deaths with the majority of deaths in adults and children over 5 years. This study aims to investigate the clinical, sociodemographic, and environmental risk factors associated with common bacterial acute diarrhea among adults and children over 5. Data were collected from March 2019 to March 2020 in patients over 5 years presenting with acute gastroenteritis at icddr,b. Stool samples were collected from each patient for culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. Bivariate associations between independent variables and stool-testing indicating bacterial etiology were calculated. This analysis included 2,133 diarrheal patients of whom a bacterial enteropathogen was identified in 1,537 (72%). Detection of bacteria was associated with: younger age (OR 0.92; 95% CI: 0.88–0.96), lower mean arterial pressure (OR 0.84; 95% CI: 0.79–0.89), heart rate (OR 1.06; 95% CI: 1.01–1.10), percentage dehydration (OR 1.33; 95% CI: 1.13–1.55), respiration rate (OR 1.23; 95% CI: 1.04–1.46), lower mid-upper arm circumference (OR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.94–0.99), confused/lethargic mental status (OR 1.85; 95% CI: 1.11–3.25), rice watery stool (OR 1.92; 95% CI: 1.54–2.41), and vomiting more than three times in the past 24 hours (OR 1.30; 95% CI: 1.06–1.58). Higher monthly income (OR 0.92; 95% CI: 0.86–0.98), > 8 years of education (OR 0.79; 95% CI: 0.63–1.00), and having more than five people living at home (OR 0.80; 95% CI: 0.66–0.98) were associated with lower odds of bacterial diarrhea. These findings may help guide the development of predictive tools to aid in identifying patients with bacterial diarrhea for timely and appropriate use of antibiotics.

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Prevalence, risk factors and treatment practices in diarrhoeal diseases in south India

Abstract: Public education program on proper feeding and management practices is required to address the various issues identified and for containment of diarrhoea cases in future.

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

A Study on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Self Medication for Diarrhoeaamong Undergraduate Medical Students in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Assam

A Study on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Self Medication for Diarrhoeaamong Undergraduate Medical Students in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Assam

Community-Based Participatory Research and Drug Utilization Research to improve Childhood Diarrhea Case Management in Ujjain, India: A Cross Sectional Survey<strong> </strong>

Clinical, Sociodemographic and Environmental Risk Factors for Acute Bacterial Diarrhea among Adults and Children over Five Years in Bangladesh

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