Prevalence, Screening and Characterization of Starch Degrading Bacteria from Sago Industry Wastes

Abstract

The sago processing industries generate high concentrations of organic pollutants. These industries required about 20,000 to 40,000 litres of water per ton of sago processing. They let out the water with hightoxic and organic matter causing serious threats to the environment and aquatic life. Potential starch degrading microorganisms are required to degrade the organic contaminants in the sago industry wastes before being generated. Sago wastes were collected from sago industries using sterilecans and polythene bags. The bacterial strains were obtained by adopting serial dilution methods and they were identified up to the generic level by their morphology and biochemical characteristics. The potential strains were screened by starch hydrolysis test and they were identified to the species level by 16s rDNA sequencing. The aligned sequences were evolutionary genetics analysis format using MEGA v.2.1 software and construct phylogenetic trees using the neighbour-joining method and SDS-PAGE zymogram analysis starch degrading bacteria producing amylase enzyme.There are 103bacterial strains were isolated and identified. They were belonging to the genera of Bacillus (72%), Micrococcus (8%), Enterobacteriaceae (6%), Corneybacterium (5%), Aeromonas (4%), Alcalinges (3%) and Pesudomonas (2%). Among the isolates, there are 5 strains namely S5, S7, S16, S20 and S28 were selected as potential starch degraders. The database of the strains wassubmitted to the NCBI gen bank and got the accession numbers (S5-KY213660, KY213661, KY213662, KY230509 and KY230510).The molecular mass of the amylase was estimated to be ~45 kDa by SDS-PAGE and zymogram analysis. The strains S5, S7, S16, S20 and S28 showed more efficiency for the degradation of starch. These strains can be used to degrade starch from the waste substrates fabricating with amylase and glucose as the products.