Prevalência de anticorpos anti-Neospora caninum (Apicomplexa: Sarcocystidae) em bovinos leiteiros de propriedades rurais em três microrregiões no estado do Maranhão

Abstract

Objetivou-se, no presente estudo, pesquisar a prevalência de anticorpos anti-Neospora caninum em 812 amostras de soros sangüíneos de bovinos leiteiros procedentes de propriedades rurais de sete municípios das microrregiões de Itapecuru-Mirim, Médio Mearim e Presidente Dutra, estado do Maranhão, Brasil. Para o cálculo do tamanho da amostra, considerou-se um soroprevalência de 34,7% para N. caninum, com erro máximo de 9,5% e intervalo de confiança de 95%. Para a detecção da presença de anticorpos da classe IgG, utilizou-se a técnica de Imunofluorescência Indireta (IFI), com ponto de corte 1:200, usando como antígeno, taquizoítos da cepa NC-1, mantida em cultura celular no Laboratório de Diagnóstico das Parasitoses dos Animais da Escola de Medicina Veterinária da UFBA. Do total de amostras analisadas, encontrou-se uma prevalência de 50,74%. Os títulos variaram de 1:200 a 1:6400, assim distribuídos: 108 (26,21%) amostras de soro apresentaram título de 1:200; 132 (32,04%) 1:400; 94 (22,81%) 1:800; 46 (11,16%) 1:1600; 23 (5,58%) 1:3200 e nove (2,18%) com títulos de 1:6400. Dentre as microrregiões, a Itapecuru-Mirim apresentou o menor percentual de animais soropositivos (20,69%) e Presidente Dutra o maior (47,66%). Com relação à variável sexo, observou-se maior prevalência de sororreagentes nas fêmeas (46,80%) do que nos machos (52,46%). Não se verificou diferença significativa (P>0,05) para as variáveis microrregiões, sexo e idade. Conclui-se que os bovinos leiteiros das regiões estudadas estão expostos à infecção por N. caninum.

Serological survey of Neospora caninum in dairy herds from Parauapebas, State of Pará

“…Higher frequencies as 62,90%, 40,91%, and 50,74% were determined by Belo et al (1999), Silva et al (2010), and Teixeira et al (2010), respectively, at a cutoff at 1:200, in six dairy herds with a history of miscarriage in the northeastern region of São Paulo, in buffaloes and dairy cattle from 13 municipalities in Pará, and in three microregions of the state of Maranhão. Sartor et al (2005) obtained higher frequencies of 35,54% and 20,00%, respectively, in dairy and beef cattle in Presidente Prudente, SP, by using ELISA.…”

“…On the other hand, Teixeira et al (2010) obtained 32,04% in dairy cattle from three micro-regions in the state of Maranhão in 400 titer. In buffaloes reared in Pará, 46,04% of the positive sera were in the ≥800 titer, while 46,51% of goat sera from the southern region of Minas Gerais were in 50 titer VARASCHIN et al, 2011). In cattle reared in Santarém, Pará, the largest number of positive samples, 33,30%, was in the 200 titer (MINERVINO et al, 2007).…”

“…In Brazil, N. caninum infection was detected in cattle, sheep, goats, and buffaloes (AGUIAR et al, 2005;VOGEL et al, 2006;VARASCHIN et al, 2011), and in buffalo and cattle, in particular, in the state of Pará (MINERVINO et al, 2007;SILVA et al, 2010). However, there is no record of its occurrence among dairy cattle in the southeast region of this state, which is the most important dairy region (FREITAS, 2001) and new agricultural frontier in the Amazon.…”

Sheep abortion associated with Neospora caninum in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil

“…As reported for goats (Eleni et al 2004), clinical cases associated to natural infection of sheep by Neospora caninum are uncommon, with a few abortion cases , Jolley et al 1999) and congenital disorders (Pena et al 2007) described. However, several serological surveys conducted in different countries, including Brazil, showed that the infection is disseminated in this species (Figliuolo et al 2004, Salaberry et al 2010, as well as in other animal species , Teixeira et al 2010, Toscan et al 2010, Camillo et al 2011, Varaschin et al 2011. In cattle, abortions caused by N. caninum are common (Corbelliniet al 2000, Pescadoret al 2005, Oliveiraet al 2010).…”

“…However, as in cattle farming, they may be related to abortion, reduction in animal value, increase in interparturition interval, infertility and decrease in milk production (Trees et al 1999). Neosporosis in Brazil was detected in many animal species (Toscan et al 2010, Teixeira et al 2010,Camillo et al 2011, Varaschin et al 2011), but its association to abortion was found only for cattle (Gondim et al 1999, Corbellini et al 2000, Corbellini 2001, Pescador et al 2007). In an attempt at ϐilling this gap, the present study aims to describe sheep abortions caused by N. caninum in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.…”