Preventing Post-Treatment Bacteremia: Comparing Topical Povidone-Iodine and Chlorhexidine

Microbiology of Odontogenic Bacteremia: beyond Endocarditis

“…Waki and his group (141) found no significant decline in the incidence of bacteremia due to this supplementary procedure, nor was there a significant relationship with the quality of the irrigation fluid used, whether sterile water, clean water, or antiseptics (77,106). However, there is some evidence that the bacteremic incidence does drop with continuous and regular rinsing with chlorhexidine or povidone-iodine irrigation of gingival sulci (5,102).…”

Effect of rinsing with povidone–iodine on bacteraemia due to scaling: a randomized‐controlled trial

“…Subgingival irrigation with POV-I was not utilized as sulcular irrigation can cause bacteraemia in patients with gingivitis (Roman & App 1971) and periodontitis (Lofthus et al 1991) and is therefore not recommended by the AHA (Dajani et al 1997). Chlorhexidine was not used as a positive control as it has been shown to be inferior to POV-I in the prevention of bacteraemia caused by dental extractions (Rahn et al 1995) and there is no evidence that establishes it as a gold standard antimicrobial rinse for the prevention of bacteraemia caused by scal-ing. Now that the effectiveness of POV-I in reducing bacteraemia caused by scaling in patients with plaque-induced gingivitis has been established, POV-I may be utilized as a positive control for assessment of the efficacy of other antimicrobial solutions including chlorhexidine, cetylpyridium chloride and phenolic compounds.…”

“…POV-I appears to be active against all microorganisms, including Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria, spores, mycobacteria, fungi, viruses and protozoa (LeVeen et al 1993). Although application of POV-I to the gingival margin has been reported to reduce the incidence of bacteraemia following gingivectomy (Randall & Brenman 1974) and toothextraction (Rahn et al 1995), a review of the uses of POV-I in periodontal therapy recommended that it should not be used to reduce the incidence of bacteraemia caused by scaling (Greenstein 1999). The basis of this nonrecommendation was the finding of Witzenberger et al (1982) that rinsing and irrigation with POV-I did not reduce bacteraemia caused by scaling with curettes.…”

Influence of subinhibitory concentrations of antimicrobials on hydrophobicity, adherence and ultra-structure of Fusobacterium nucleatum

“…Antiseptics have been used in association with antibiotics to reduce infections after oral surgeries and also to help in treating periodontal infections (27). Chlorhexidine is a cationic bis-guanide agent used as an active bacterial plaque inhibitor and active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative, aerobe or anaerobe organisms, yeasts and virus (2).…”