Prevention and control of hospital-acquired infections with multidrug-resistant organism: A review

Abstract

Multidrug-resistant is defined as nonsusceptibility to at least 1 agent in 3 or more antimicrobial categories. Controlling the spread of drug-resistant organisms is a key step in the management of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs). To review the progress of research on the prevention and control of HAIs with multidrug-resistant organism (MDRO) in the past 5 years, and to provide reference for the development of comprehensive measures for the prevention and control of HAIs with MDRO. We conducted a search in the PUBMED database for studies related to MDRO and HAIs from 2018 to 2023, then integrated this data with information sourced from the U.S.A. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Utilizing information technology to monitor and provide feedback on hand hygiene practices can enhance compliance. Environmental disinfection techniques such as ultraviolet or hydrogen peroxide demonstrate potential in reducing MDRO transmission. While some studies support that contact isolation measures for MDRO-infected or colonized patients can reduce HAIs, others do not confirm this outcome. Approaches for MDRO colonization among patients or physicians may mitigate MDRO transmission risk. Implementing clusterization interventions proves to enhance efficiency and cost-effectiveness in preventing and controlling MDRO. Early screening for pathogen species emerges as a valuable strategy aiding in antimicrobial use control. Combined with evidence from the literature, implementing clusterization interventions that include measures such as monitoring and feedback on hand hygiene and improved environmental disinfection techniques can help prevent and control HAIs with MDRO. However, further clinical studies are needed to validate the optimal clusterization intervention.